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The influence of boundary layer chem...

Horowitz, Larry Wayne.

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The influence of boundary layer chemistry on global tropospheric ozone and nitrogen oxides.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The influence of boundary layer chemistry on global tropospheric ozone and nitrogen oxides./
作者:	Horowitz, Larry Wayne.
面頁冊數:	165 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-09, Section: B, page: 4698.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International58-09B.
標題:	Environmental Sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9810668
ISBN:	9780591613339

The influence of boundary layer chemistry on global tropospheric ozone and nitrogen oxides.
Horowitz, Larry Wayne.

The influence of boundary layer chemistry on global tropospheric ozone and nitrogen oxides. - 165 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-09, Section: B, page: 4698.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 1997.

In this thesis, I examine the tropospheric chemistry of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and non-methane hydrocarbons using one-dimensional and three-dimensional photochemical models. I develop a chemical mechanism, which I use in these models to study the chemistry occurring within the continental boundary layer, and to assess the impact of boundary layer processes on the global tropospheric distributions of trace gases.

ISBN: 9780591613339Subjects--Topical Terms:

676987
Environmental Sciences.

The influence of boundary layer chemistry on global tropospheric ozone and nitrogen oxides.
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245 1 4 $a The influence of boundary layer chemistry on global tropospheric ozone and nitrogen oxides.
300 $a 165 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-09, Section: B, page: 4698.
500 $a Adviser: Daniel J. Jacob.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 1997.
520 $a In this thesis, I examine the tropospheric chemistry of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and non-methane hydrocarbons using one-dimensional and three-dimensional photochemical models. I develop a chemical mechanism, which I use in these models to study the chemistry occurring within the continental boundary layer, and to assess the impact of boundary layer processes on the global tropospheric distributions of trace gases.
520 $a Observations made during the Shenandoah Cloud and Photochemistry Experiment (SCAPE) during September 1990 suggest a seasonal transition from NO $\ sb{\rm x} $- to hydrocarbon-limited regimes for ozone production. A photochemical model is used to reproduce this transition, and to suggest that a September transition should be a general phenomenon in the eastern United States. The transition is driven by seasonal declines of UV radiation, humidity, and isoprene emission.
520 $a Concentrations of the carbonyl compounds formaldehyde, glyoxal, and methylglyoxal, which were measured during SCAPE, are well-simulated using the photochemical model. Concentrations of these carbonyls and the concentration ratios are shown to be consistent with isoprene oxidation providing the major source of these compounds. Oxidation of CH $\ sb4 $ supplies a significant background of formaldehyde.
520 $a The ozone production efficiency per unit NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ (OPE), as estimated from observations at Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, varies seasonally, increasing from May to a peak in June-July, and then decreasing to October. Based on photochemical model results, the increase in OPE from May to June is attributed to onset of emission of the biogenic hydrocarbon isoprene. The decline from July to October is attributed to decreases in isoprene emission and in solar radiation.
520 $a I study the export of NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ and its reservoir species out of the continental boundary layer (CBL) over the United States during summertime using a continental-scale three-dimensional chemistry and transport model. Emissions of isoprene strongly affect the chemistry of NO $\ sb{\rm y} $ in the CBL and result in the formation of organic nitrates, which are important contributors to the export flux of reactive nitrogen in our model. The calculated export flux of NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ and organic nitrates suggests that fossil fuel combustion may significantly impact NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ and O $\ sb3 $ concentrations in the remote troposphere.
520 $a I then investigate the impact of fossil fuel combustion on the global distributions of NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ and O $\ sb3 $ during (northern) summer using a global version of the three-dimensional model. Separate tracers are added to the model to "tag" the NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ and other NO $\ sb{\rm y} $ species from fossil fuel combustion, as well as the O $\ sb3 $ produced from this NO $\ sb{\rm x} $. Fossil fuel combustion is found to account for over 40% of the NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ in the lower and middle troposphere throughout the extratropical northern hemisphere, and for over 30% of the O $\ sb3 $ in this region. Peroxyacyl nitrates (PANs) provide an important mechanism for transporting NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ to remote regions, accounting for over 60% of the fossil fuel NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ over most of the ocean. Emissions from the United States account for about half of the fossil fuel NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ over the North Atlantic. Emissions from China, which are forecast to grow rapidly in the coming decades, have a significant effect on NO $\ sb{\rm x} $ over the western North Pacific extending into the tropics, and thus may perturb the oxidizing power of the atmosphere.
590 $a School code: 0084.
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
650 4 $a Physics, Atmospheric Science. $3 1019431
650 4 $a Engineering, Environmental. $3 783782
690 $a 0768
690 $a 0608
690 $a 0775
710 2 0 $a Harvard University. $3 528741
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 58-09B.
790 1 0 $a Jacob, Daniel J., $e advisor
790 $a 0084
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1997
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9810668