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The bioeconomics of regulating nitra...

Thomas, Arthur Charles.

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The bioeconomics of regulating nitrates in groundwater from agricultural production: Comparing taxes, quantity restrictions, and pollution permits.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The bioeconomics of regulating nitrates in groundwater from agricultural production: Comparing taxes, quantity restrictions, and pollution permits./
作者:	Thomas, Arthur Charles.
面頁冊數:	316 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-07, Section: A, page: 2077.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International55-07A.
標題:	Economics, Agricultural. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9501246

The bioeconomics of regulating nitrates in groundwater from agricultural production: Comparing taxes, quantity restrictions, and pollution permits.
Thomas, Arthur Charles.

The bioeconomics of regulating nitrates in groundwater from agricultural production: Comparing taxes, quantity restrictions, and pollution permits. - 316 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-07, Section: A, page: 2077.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 1994.

Agricultural production in the United States, through its intensive use of nitrogen fertilizer, has contributed to nitrate accumulation in groundwater. Concern over this contamination has led to increased public interest in schemes designed to reduce nitrate leachate from agricultural lands. This research compares the costs of alternative regulatory policies in major agricultural regions of the Corn Belt and Northeast.Subjects--Topical Terms:

626648
Economics, Agricultural.

The bioeconomics of regulating nitrates in groundwater from agricultural production: Comparing taxes, quantity restrictions, and pollution permits.
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100 1 $a Thomas, Arthur Charles. $3 1908346
245 1 4 $a The bioeconomics of regulating nitrates in groundwater from agricultural production: Comparing taxes, quantity restrictions, and pollution permits.
300 $a 316 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-07, Section: A, page: 2077.
500 $a Chairman: Richard N. Boisvert.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 1994.
520 $a Agricultural production in the United States, through its intensive use of nitrogen fertilizer, has contributed to nitrate accumulation in groundwater. Concern over this contamination has led to increased public interest in schemes designed to reduce nitrate leachate from agricultural lands. This research compares the costs of alternative regulatory policies in major agricultural regions of the Corn Belt and Northeast.
520 $a To compare alternative policy instruments, bioeconomic models of agricultural production and nitrate leaching are developed. These models incorporate essential features needed to understand responses to policy options. They include soil-specific leaching and productivity characteristics, variables for management response, the dynamic nature of nitrogen movement through the soil, and the stochastic influence of precipitation on both net farm revenue and nitrate leaching. The bioeconomic models include state variables for the nitrogen levels in the crop root zone and control variables for nitrogen fertilizer application and crop rotations. Nitrate leaching is restricted using a chance constraint, thus in some sense minimizing the probability of worst-case leaching scenarios. These models are solved using GAMS/MINOS, a non-linear optimization software package.
520 $a Six alternative regulatory policies are compared empirically in two specific regions: Boone County in Iowa and Genesee and Wyoming Counties in New York. The policies, which are designed to reduce expected annual leachate by 10 and 25 percent in each region, include a tax on nitrogen fertilizer, quantity restrictions on both fertilizer and leachate, and three forms of leachate permits. The three permit schemes are permits sold by a regulatory agency at a fixed price, permits auctioned by a regulatory agency, and tradable permits initially allocated at no cost to farmers with the initial distribution based on historic leachate levels.
520 $a The empirical analysis shows that costs of achieving a regional reduction in leachate are greater in the Iowa than in New York. Within a region, the net cost of reducing regional leachate (the net cost being the cost to farmers less any public revenues generated) is the least under the three permit schemes, although the costs of other policies are generally not substantially greater. The ranking of the net costs of these other policies differs by region and by the percent reduction in leachate. While net costs are the least under all three permit schemes, two of the three schemes result in substantial transfers of money from the farming community to the public treasury. In addition, a case is made for using a tradable permit scheme in targeted areas in and around major groundwater sources that are highly susceptible to contamination.
590 $a School code: 0058.
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710 2 0 $a Cornell University. $3 530586
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 55-07A.
790 1 0 $a Boisvert, Richard N., $e advisor
790 $a 0058
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1994
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