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Development and characterization of ...

Michigan State University.

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Development and characterization of a rapid dechlorinating enrichment stimulated from an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and ethanes.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Development and characterization of a rapid dechlorinating enrichment stimulated from an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and ethanes./
Author:	Kim, Haekyung.
Description:	182 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: B, page: 4486.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-09B.
Subject:	Environmental Sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3146052
ISBN:	0496050265

Development and characterization of a rapid dechlorinating enrichment stimulated from an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and ethanes.
Kim, Haekyung.

Development and characterization of a rapid dechlorinating enrichment stimulated from an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and ethanes. - 182 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: B, page: 4486.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2004.

Biostimulation has become an accepted potential remedial alternative for treating contaminated aquifers. This study evaluates a novel approach to enrich for rapid dechlorinating microbes by pulse feedings in a batch system over an extended period. It was demonstrated that by varying the electron donor to acceptor ratio during pulse feedings of chlorinated compounds, two different types of activity could be developed. Cometabolic dechlorination was dominant under high lactate conditions, and dehalorespiration activity was enriched under low lactate conditions. The high lactate/PCE enrichments exhibited slow and incomplete dechlorination of PCE with c-DCE as the major degradation product. The low lactate/PCE enrichments completely dechlorinated PCE to ethene, and further reduction of ethene to ethane was observed. Dehalococcoides 16S rRNA gene targeted real-time PCR confirmed that two orders of magnitude higher amounts of Dehalococcoides DNA was present in low lactate enrichments compared to high lactate enrichments. This demonstrated that pulse feedings with low-level electron donor and a chlorinated ethenes (at a 1:10 electron acceptor/donor ratio) favors stimulation of halorespirers. Using metabolic inhibitors revealed that the dechlorination observed in low lactate enrichments was not impacted by molybdate (inhibitor of sulfate-reducer), but was inhibited by high levels of sulfate, indicating sulfate reducers are not involved in the observed complete and rapid dechlorination. Low levels of BES (methanogen inhibitors) specifically inhibited methane productions, but the cultures retained dechlorination activity, indicating that the responsible microorganism(s) is (are) non-methanogenic. High levels of vancomycin (100 mg/L; acetogens inhibitors) successfully inhibited acetate production from lactate. The reduction in acetate production also inhibited dechlorination, further suggesting that acetate-utilizing dechlorinating microbes are responsible for the observed dechlorination.

ISBN: 0496050265Subjects--Topical Terms:

676987
Environmental Sciences.

Development and characterization of a rapid dechlorinating enrichment stimulated from an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and ethanes.
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035 $a (UnM)AAI3146052
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100 1 $a Kim, Haekyung. $3 1905458
245 1 0 $a Development and characterization of a rapid dechlorinating enrichment stimulated from an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and ethanes.
300 $a 182 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: B, page: 4486.
500 $a Adviser: Michael J. Dybas.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2004.
520 $a Biostimulation has become an accepted potential remedial alternative for treating contaminated aquifers. This study evaluates a novel approach to enrich for rapid dechlorinating microbes by pulse feedings in a batch system over an extended period. It was demonstrated that by varying the electron donor to acceptor ratio during pulse feedings of chlorinated compounds, two different types of activity could be developed. Cometabolic dechlorination was dominant under high lactate conditions, and dehalorespiration activity was enriched under low lactate conditions. The high lactate/PCE enrichments exhibited slow and incomplete dechlorination of PCE with c-DCE as the major degradation product. The low lactate/PCE enrichments completely dechlorinated PCE to ethene, and further reduction of ethene to ethane was observed. Dehalococcoides 16S rRNA gene targeted real-time PCR confirmed that two orders of magnitude higher amounts of Dehalococcoides DNA was present in low lactate enrichments compared to high lactate enrichments. This demonstrated that pulse feedings with low-level electron donor and a chlorinated ethenes (at a 1:10 electron acceptor/donor ratio) favors stimulation of halorespirers. Using metabolic inhibitors revealed that the dechlorination observed in low lactate enrichments was not impacted by molybdate (inhibitor of sulfate-reducer), but was inhibited by high levels of sulfate, indicating sulfate reducers are not involved in the observed complete and rapid dechlorination. Low levels of BES (methanogen inhibitors) specifically inhibited methane productions, but the cultures retained dechlorination activity, indicating that the responsible microorganism(s) is (are) non-methanogenic. High levels of vancomycin (100 mg/L; acetogens inhibitors) successfully inhibited acetate production from lactate. The reduction in acetate production also inhibited dechlorination, further suggesting that acetate-utilizing dechlorinating microbes are responsible for the observed dechlorination.
520 $a The development of methodology for the stimulation of dehalorespiring microorganisms presented in this dissertation represents a potential strategy for the design of successful biostimulation systems for chlorinated solvents. It also has significant design implications for in-situ field systems.
590 $a School code: 0128.
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
650 4 $a Engineering, Environmental. $3 783782
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
690 $a 0768
690 $a 0775
690 $a 0410
710 2 0 $a Michigan State University. $3 676168
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 65-09B.
790 1 0 $a Dybas, Michael J., $e advisor
790 $a 0128
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2004
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3146052