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Essays in public health, energy and ...

Lafrancois, Becky A.

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Essays in public health, energy and environmental economics.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Essays in public health, energy and environmental economics./
作者:	Lafrancois, Becky A.
面頁冊數:	125 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-12, Section: A, page: 4483.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-12A.
標題:	Economics, Environmental. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3429060
ISBN:	9781124288345

Essays in public health, energy and environmental economics.
Lafrancois, Becky A.

Essays in public health, energy and environmental economics. - 125 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-12, Section: A, page: 4483.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Syracuse University, 2010.

This dissertation consists of three essays in applied microeconomics with a focus on United States health and energy policy. The first essay examines the incentives that a renewable portfolio standard places on a regulated electric utility. The second essay considers whether carbon dioxide emissions in the United States can be significantly reduced through fuel switching. The third essay analyzes the factors that lead to and inhibit the formation of public health districts in Connecticut.

ISBN: 9781124288345Subjects--Topical Terms:

1669564
Economics, Environmental.

Essays in public health, energy and environmental economics.
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500 $a Adviser: Peter J. Wilcoxen.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Syracuse University, 2010.
520 $a This dissertation consists of three essays in applied microeconomics with a focus on United States health and energy policy. The first essay examines the incentives that a renewable portfolio standard places on a regulated electric utility. The second essay considers whether carbon dioxide emissions in the United States can be significantly reduced through fuel switching. The third essay analyzes the factors that lead to and inhibit the formation of public health districts in Connecticut.
520 $a An increasing number of U.S. states have been enacting renewable portfolio standards (RPS) to promote the development of renewable electricity generation. An RPS mandates that a distributor of electricity, or "load serving entity" (LSE), obtain at least a specified share of its electricity from renewable sources. However, electricity from key renewables, such as wind and solar, is more costly than electricity from conventional sources and produced intermittently due to variations in weather conditions. The LSE, therefore, will need to balance the marginal cost of additional renewable capacity against the expected costs of failing to comply with the RPS. The first paper in my dissertation develops a model of that decision. Given costly renewable electricity, the LSE optimally complies with the RPS by weighing the tradeoffs between acquiring high cost renewables and paying the noncompliance penalty. This paper finds that the penalty structure and renewables cost premium strongly influences the amount of renewable capacity chosen by an LSE.
520 $a As the leading contributor of greenhouse gas emissions, the electricity sector stands to be notably impacted by climate policy. The use of fossil fuels for electricity generation accounts for approximately forty percent of US carbon dioxide emissions. Coal is the dominant fuel in the electricity sector, and it accounts for about half of all US electricity generation and two-thirds of electricity generated from fossil fuels. However, natural gas can be burned more efficiently than coal and produces substantially less carbon dioxide per unit of energy. Given adequate natural gas generating capacity, shifting the fuel mix from coal towards natural gas would sharply reduce emissions. The second paper in my dissertation assesses the potential emissions reductions that are achievable over the short term using existing natural gas generating capacity. It takes into consideration the gas capacity that utilities must hold in reserve to follow daily fluctuations in the demand for electricity and provides an estimate of the remaining capacity available to replace coal. Using this estimate, the paper provides an approximation of the reductions in emissions achievable through a range of generator utilization rates consistent with historical behavior in the industry. In addition, it provides estimates of the effect of natural gas prices on gas-fired generation. The paper finds that roughly 178 gigawatts of gas generating capacity is available to displace coal, and that overall US emissions can be reduced between 10 and 16 percent in the very short term.
520 $a Only a few studies, mostly in the case of school districts, have empirically examined the factors affecting municipal consolidations. The third paper in my dissertation contributes to the literature by empirically examining the decision of Connecticut communities to consolidate the delivery of public health services. As theory suggests, the prospect of scale economies is found empirically to increase the likelihood that a community consolidates public health services. In addition, differences across communities are found to inhibit the consolidation of public health services. Overall, the results imply that financial incentives may be necessary to encourage more regional districts because localities may underestimate the true minimum efficient scale for public health services and because heterogeneity among jurisdictions impedes regional cooperation.
590 $a School code: 0659.
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650 4 $a Economics, General. $3 1017424
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Public Health. $3 1017659
650 4 $a Energy. $3 876794
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