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Manipulating light and temperature f...

Blanchard, Matthew George.

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Manipulating light and temperature for energy-efficient greenhouse production of ornamental crops.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Manipulating light and temperature for energy-efficient greenhouse production of ornamental crops./
Author:	Blanchard, Matthew George.
Description:	158 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-03, Section: B, page: 1411.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-03B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Horticulture. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3396092
ISBN:	9781109644616

Manipulating light and temperature for energy-efficient greenhouse production of ornamental crops.
Blanchard, Matthew George.

Manipulating light and temperature for energy-efficient greenhouse production of ornamental crops. - 158 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-03, Section: B, page: 1411.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2009.

The cost of heating fuel for greenhouse crop production is a significant expense for growers in temperate climates. With the recent volatility in energy prices, some ornamental plant growers have adjusted their production temperatures without knowledge of its impact on crop timing or plant quality. The objectives of this research were to quantify and model the influence of mean daily temperature (MDT) and photosynthetic daily light integral (DLI) on flowering and plant quality of approximately 30 annual bedding plants commonly grown in controlled environments. During one experiment, 18 species of bedding plants were grown in environmental growth chambers at constant air temperature set points of 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 25, or 30°C and under a photosynthetically active radiation intensity of 180 micromol·m-2·s -1 using a 16-h photoperiod. Nonlinear mathematical equations were developed for each species to predict the effect of constant temperatures on flowering rate (reciprocal of days to flower) and to estimate the base temperature (Tmin) at which flowering rates were zero. The estimated Tmin ranged from 1.1°C in Tagetes patula L. to 9.9°C in Angelonia angustifolia Benth. In separate experiments, the same species were grown in glass-glazed greenhouses at constant air temperature set points of 14, 17, 20, 23, or 26°C and under a mean DLI of 3 to 19 mol·m-2·d-1 using a 16-h photoperiod. Flower development rates were predicted using a model that included a linear MDT function with the Tmin multiplied by an exponential DLI saturation function. Within the temperature range studied, flower development rate increased as MDT increased, and in some species, development rate began to decrease at higher MDTs. For example, under a mean DLI of 12 mol·m-2·d -1, as MDT increased from 14 to 23°C, time to flower of Petunia x hybrida Vilm.-Andr. 'Easy Wave Coral Reef' and 'Wave Purple' decreased from 51 to 22 d and 62 to 30 d, respectively. The estimated saturation DLI for flower development rate in most species studied ranged from 8 to 15 mol·m -2·d-1.

ISBN: 9781109644616Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017832
Agriculture, Horticulture.

Manipulating light and temperature for energy-efficient greenhouse production of ornamental crops.
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020 $a 9781109644616
035 $a (UMI)AAI3396092
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040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Blanchard, Matthew George. $3 1676829
245 1 0 $a Manipulating light and temperature for energy-efficient greenhouse production of ornamental crops.
300 $a 158 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-03, Section: B, page: 1411.
500 $a Adviser: Erik S. Runkle.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2009.
520 $a The cost of heating fuel for greenhouse crop production is a significant expense for growers in temperate climates. With the recent volatility in energy prices, some ornamental plant growers have adjusted their production temperatures without knowledge of its impact on crop timing or plant quality. The objectives of this research were to quantify and model the influence of mean daily temperature (MDT) and photosynthetic daily light integral (DLI) on flowering and plant quality of approximately 30 annual bedding plants commonly grown in controlled environments. During one experiment, 18 species of bedding plants were grown in environmental growth chambers at constant air temperature set points of 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 25, or 30°C and under a photosynthetically active radiation intensity of 180 micromol·m-2·s -1 using a 16-h photoperiod. Nonlinear mathematical equations were developed for each species to predict the effect of constant temperatures on flowering rate (reciprocal of days to flower) and to estimate the base temperature (Tmin) at which flowering rates were zero. The estimated Tmin ranged from 1.1°C in Tagetes patula L. to 9.9°C in Angelonia angustifolia Benth. In separate experiments, the same species were grown in glass-glazed greenhouses at constant air temperature set points of 14, 17, 20, 23, or 26°C and under a mean DLI of 3 to 19 mol·m-2·d-1 using a 16-h photoperiod. Flower development rates were predicted using a model that included a linear MDT function with the Tmin multiplied by an exponential DLI saturation function. Within the temperature range studied, flower development rate increased as MDT increased, and in some species, development rate began to decrease at higher MDTs. For example, under a mean DLI of 12 mol·m-2·d -1, as MDT increased from 14 to 23°C, time to flower of Petunia x hybrida Vilm.-Andr. 'Easy Wave Coral Reef' and 'Wave Purple' decreased from 51 to 22 d and 62 to 30 d, respectively. The estimated saturation DLI for flower development rate in most species studied ranged from 8 to 15 mol·m -2·d-1.
520 $a An additional study was performed with three species to validate models at day/night (16 h photoperiod) temperature set points of 20/14, 18/18, 16/22 (mean of 18°C), 24/18, 22/22, or 20/26°C (mean of 22°C). Flowering times were similar among treatments with the same MDT but all species grown at 20/14°C were 10 to 41% taller than those grown at 16/22°C. Using computer software that estimates energy consumption for greenhouse heating (Virtual Grower version 2.51), energy inputs to produce these species for spring market dates were estimated to be 3 to 42% lower at a +6°C day/night temperature difference compared with a constant temperature.
520 $a In a final study, Impatiens hawkeri Bull. shoot-tip temperature was quantified under several retractable greenhouse shade/energy screens during winter. An energy balance model was developed that predicted shoot-tip temperature using cover (glazing or screen) emissivity and five environmental parameters including dry-bulb, wet-bulb, cover temperature, transmitted shortwave radiation (300 to 3,000 nm), and greenhouse air velocity. At night and under an extended screen, the effective cover and shoot-tip temperature were 0.8 to 6.9°C and 0.5 to 2.3°C higher, respectively, than without a screen. Thus, screens extended overhead during cold nights can increase plant temperature and accelerate development.
590 $a School code: 0128.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Horticulture. $3 1017832
650 4 $a Engineering, Agricultural. $3 1019504
690 $a 0471
690 $a 0539
710 2 $a Michigan State University. $3 676168
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 71-03B.
790 1 0 $a Runkle, Erik S., $e advisor
790 $a 0128
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2009
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3396092