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Assessing carbonized archaeological ...

Raviele, Maria E.

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Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues: Evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues: Evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis./
作者:	Raviele, Maria E.
面頁冊數:	248 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-01, Section: A, page: .
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International72-01A.
標題:	Anthropology, Archaeology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3435223
ISBN:	9781124323442

Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues: Evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis.
Raviele, Maria E.

Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues: Evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis. - 248 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-01, Section: A, page: .

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2010.

The timing of initial cultigen utilization by hunter-gatherers and early horticultural populations remains a central research issue in understanding the transition to low level food production. Continuing refinement of crop histories leads to a better understanding of the processes, timing, and speed of domestication as well as human use of cultigens and potential cultigens. The adoption of domesticates also speaks to inter- and intra-group social interactions; knowledge of a cultigen does not necessarily arise independently in each hunter-gatherer group which utilizes it. The latter is especially true if the domesticate is non-native, as maize is to eastern North America, and must adapt to an environment if/when it is introduced.

ISBN: 9781124323442Subjects--Topical Terms:

622985
Anthropology, Archaeology.

Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues: Evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis.
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245 1 0 $a Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues: Evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis.
300 $a 248 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-01, Section: A, page: .
500 $a Adviser: William A. Lovis.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2010.
520 $a The timing of initial cultigen utilization by hunter-gatherers and early horticultural populations remains a central research issue in understanding the transition to low level food production. Continuing refinement of crop histories leads to a better understanding of the processes, timing, and speed of domestication as well as human use of cultigens and potential cultigens. The adoption of domesticates also speaks to inter- and intra-group social interactions; knowledge of a cultigen does not necessarily arise independently in each hunter-gatherer group which utilizes it. The latter is especially true if the domesticate is non-native, as maize is to eastern North America, and must adapt to an environment if/when it is introduced.
520 $a To understand these processes this research focused on two major research goals. First, was to further establish the timing of the adoption of domesticates, specifically maize, in the western Great Lakes region of eastern North America by using a case study from the Saginaw Valley of Michigan. The use of phytolith and starch analysis on ceramic residues offers another line of direct evidence for paleodiet. Through phytolith and starch analysis of ceramic residues from Middle (200 BC-AD 500) and Late Woodland (AD 500-AD 1400) period sites in Michigan, I tested the current hypothesis that maize horticulture is not ubiquitous in the Great Lakes until c. AD 1000.
520 $a Secondly, experimental residues were created to test for the presence of phytoliths and starches. The goal of these experiments were threefold: to determine phytolith and starch are presence in residues created for experimental purposes, to determine if quantification of the percentage of maize present is possible through phytolith density, and to determine if one can differentiate between the use of green and mature maize through the presence of phytoliths and starches. Residues were created using increasing 20% increments (0-100%) of maize. Green and mature maize were also used separately in experimental residue creation. Results from the experimental residues were applied to the interpretation of the archaeological residues used in this study.
520 $a Analysis and systematic direct dating of the archaeological residues indicates that maize is present during the early Middle Woodland in the Saginaw Valley prior to c. AD 1000. However, application of the experimental results to the interpretation of the archaeological results indicates that it is a dried version, either kernels or flour; there is no evidence for low level maize production. This inference is corroborated by environmental evidence which indicates increased incidence of flooding during the early Middle Woodland which would have made flood plain maize cultivation untenable. It is hypothesized that the presence of maize c. 2000 years ago is due to down-the-line exchange with nearby regional populations. The subsistence shift towards more intensive maize cultivation, occurring during the Late Woodland period c. 1000 AD, appears to be due to environmental change brought on by the Medieval Warm Period. Environmental change caused by the Medieval Warm Period resulted in a shift in the structure of available resources requiring a change in subsistence strategies.
590 $a School code: 0128.
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710 2 $a Michigan State University. $3 676168
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790 1 0 $a Lovis, William A., $e advisor
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