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The obstetric pelvis and mechanism o...

Stoller, Melissa Kaleta.

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The obstetric pelvis and mechanism of labor in nonhuman primates.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The obstetric pelvis and mechanism of labor in nonhuman primates./
作者:	Stoller, Melissa Kaleta.
面頁冊數:	167 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-12, Section: A, page: 4842.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International56-12A.
標題:	Anthropology, Physical. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9609944

The obstetric pelvis and mechanism of labor in nonhuman primates.
Stoller, Melissa Kaleta.

The obstetric pelvis and mechanism of labor in nonhuman primates. - 167 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-12, Section: A, page: 4842.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 1995.

The objectives of this study are to establish the mechanism of labor in two nonhuman primate species; to document the presence or absence of specific obstetric adaptations; to define the obstetrically significant measures of the maternal pelvis and the fetal cranium; and, to apply this knowledge to test hypotheses concerning the role of obstetric pressure in hominoid evolution.Subjects--Topical Terms:

877524
Anthropology, Physical.

The obstetric pelvis and mechanism of labor in nonhuman primates.
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035 $a (UMI)AAI9609944
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040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Stoller, Melissa Kaleta. $3 1670436
245 1 4 $a The obstetric pelvis and mechanism of labor in nonhuman primates.
300 $a 167 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-12, Section: A, page: 4842.
500 $a Adviser: Russell Tuttle.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 1995.
520 $a The objectives of this study are to establish the mechanism of labor in two nonhuman primate species; to document the presence or absence of specific obstetric adaptations; to define the obstetrically significant measures of the maternal pelvis and the fetal cranium; and, to apply this knowledge to test hypotheses concerning the role of obstetric pressure in hominoid evolution.
520 $a The primary data consist of radiographs taken of spontaneously laboring Saimiri sciureus and Papio anubis, and measurements of maternal pelves and fetal crania.
520 $a In both Saimiri and Papio, the fetus normally presents in nuchal extension. Contra popular assumption, fetal rotation occurs. The extended head engages in variable positions, but rotates to mentum anterior. The obstetrically significant measures of the fetal cranium are the biparietal and the submentobregmatic. The presenting diameters are circular, not ovoid. The pelvic inlet plane passes through the superiorposterior border of the pubic symphysis to the second sacral vertebrae. The obstetric conjugate, as defined in humans, is significantly larger than the true sagittal measure. Pelvic ligamentary relaxation during labor increases the effective area of the pelvic inlet by $\ geq $1 00% in Saimiri and $\ geq $3 0% in Papio vs. a non-significant increase in humans. Unlike H. sapiens, fetal cranial molding is not significant in either species.
520 $a Studies of sexual dimorphism and the obstetric consequences of fossil hominid morphology must be based upon obstetrically significant measures. In no known primate does the occipitofrontal diameter of the fetal crania cross the pelvic inlet; these measurements should not be compared. Ligamentary relaxation observed during labor in Saimiri and Papio provides insight into the pattern and degree of sexual dimorphism among primate species. Speculation that humans have reached a "cephalopelvic terminus" must be questioned. Possibly, bipedalism places limits on pelvic relaxation. The model of birth assumed in fossil obstetric studies incorrectly predicts the mechanism of labor in Saimiri, Papio and modern women. Rotation is neither uniquely human nor a consequence of bipedalism or encephalization. The "face-down" birth in humans vs. the "face-up" delivery in monkeys results from a difference in nuchal attitude, not fetal rotation. A model of labor mechanics, based on the solid geometry of the pelvis and fetal head, is presented.
590 $a School code: 0330.
650 4 $a Anthropology, Physical. $3 877524
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology. $3 1020690
690 $a 0327
690 $a 0380
710 2 $a The University of Chicago. $3 1017389
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 56-12A.
790 1 0 $a Tuttle, Russell, $e advisor
790 $a 0330
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1995
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9609944