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Debris-flow fans: Process and form.

Whipple, Kelin X.

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Debris-flow fans: Process and form.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Debris-flow fans: Process and form./
Author:	Whipple, Kelin X.
Description:	292 p.
Notes:	Chairperson: Thomas Dunne.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International55-11B.
Subject:	Geology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9509423

Debris-flow fans: Process and form.
Whipple, Kelin X.

Debris-flow fans: Process and form. - 292 p.

Chairperson: Thomas Dunne.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 1994.

Lithologic, climatic, and tectonic influences on debris-flow-dominated alluvial fan (debris-flow fan) morphology are elucidated through a combination of field mapping, map and aerial photo analysis, and a theoretical analysis of the controls on debris-flow confinement within channels. Fan size in Owens Valley, California, is controlled primarily by source drainage area and local subsidence rate, as seen elsewhere. However, spatial variability in subsidence rates is shown to be important, and may largely control fan area-drainage area relationships. Depositional patterns on debris-flow fans are governed by interactions between debris flows and channels, which are products of fluvial incision and not debris-flow scour. Channel geometry (i.e., size and gradient) is set by competition between fluvial sediment supply, stream power, and the rate of channel filling by debris flows. The channel-debris flow interaction is controlled by channel geometry, flow volume, flow hydrograph form, and flow rheology. The frequency distributions of these debris-flow properties determine fan morphology. I focus on the role of debris-flow rheology, which is sensitive to debris granulometry and water content. Abundance of boulders and debris silt-and-clay content are important, lithologically controlled properties. Hydrologic conditions associated with debris-flow initiation are hypothesized to be the most important climatically controlled variable. Numerical simulation of open-channel flow of Bingham fluids is utilized to quantify lithologically dependent differences in debris-flow rheology and to analyze the channel-debris flow interaction on fans in a range of field settings. Differences in source lithology exert the dominant influence on debris-flow fan morphology in Owens Valley. Debris-flows from the most fines-rich sources (meta-volcanic source rocks) are more viscous at the same water content (i.e., initiated under the same conditions) than granitic-source debris flows and, consequently, are poorly channelized. As a result, massive overbank deposition near the fan head is common on these fans and they develop steeper radial profiles. Similarly, enhanced overbank deposition leads to the formation of prominent channel-margin levees.Subjects--Topical Terms:

516570
Geology.

Debris-flow fans: Process and form.
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005 20110921
008 110921s1994 eng d
035 $a (UMI)AAI9509423
035 $a AAI9509423
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Whipple, Kelin X. $3 1294779
245 1 0 $a Debris-flow fans: Process and form.
300 $a 292 p.
500 $a Chairperson: Thomas Dunne.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-11, Section: B, page: 4760.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 1994.
520 $a Lithologic, climatic, and tectonic influences on debris-flow-dominated alluvial fan (debris-flow fan) morphology are elucidated through a combination of field mapping, map and aerial photo analysis, and a theoretical analysis of the controls on debris-flow confinement within channels. Fan size in Owens Valley, California, is controlled primarily by source drainage area and local subsidence rate, as seen elsewhere. However, spatial variability in subsidence rates is shown to be important, and may largely control fan area-drainage area relationships. Depositional patterns on debris-flow fans are governed by interactions between debris flows and channels, which are products of fluvial incision and not debris-flow scour. Channel geometry (i.e., size and gradient) is set by competition between fluvial sediment supply, stream power, and the rate of channel filling by debris flows. The channel-debris flow interaction is controlled by channel geometry, flow volume, flow hydrograph form, and flow rheology. The frequency distributions of these debris-flow properties determine fan morphology. I focus on the role of debris-flow rheology, which is sensitive to debris granulometry and water content. Abundance of boulders and debris silt-and-clay content are important, lithologically controlled properties. Hydrologic conditions associated with debris-flow initiation are hypothesized to be the most important climatically controlled variable. Numerical simulation of open-channel flow of Bingham fluids is utilized to quantify lithologically dependent differences in debris-flow rheology and to analyze the channel-debris flow interaction on fans in a range of field settings. Differences in source lithology exert the dominant influence on debris-flow fan morphology in Owens Valley. Debris-flows from the most fines-rich sources (meta-volcanic source rocks) are more viscous at the same water content (i.e., initiated under the same conditions) than granitic-source debris flows and, consequently, are poorly channelized. As a result, massive overbank deposition near the fan head is common on these fans and they develop steeper radial profiles. Similarly, enhanced overbank deposition leads to the formation of prominent channel-margin levees.
590 $a School code: 0250.
650 4 $a Geology. $3 516570
650 4 $a Physical Geography. $3 893400
690 $a 0368
690 $a 0372
710 2 0 $a University of Washington. $3 545923
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 55-11B.
790 $a 0250
790 1 0 $a Dunne, Thomas, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1994
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9509423