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Grammatical gender in real-time lang...

Wicha Yapor, Nicole Yvonne.

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Grammatical gender in real-time language comprehension in Spanish: Behavioral and electrophysiological investigations.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Grammatical gender in real-time language comprehension in Spanish: Behavioral and electrophysiological investigations./
Author:	Wicha Yapor, Nicole Yvonne.
Description:	186 p.
Notes:	Chairs: Marta Kutas; Elizabeth A. Bates.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-06B.
Subject:	Biology, Neuroscience. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3056923
ISBN:	9780493719764

Grammatical gender in real-time language comprehension in Spanish: Behavioral and electrophysiological investigations.
Wicha Yapor, Nicole Yvonne.

Grammatical gender in real-time language comprehension in Spanish: Behavioral and electrophysiological investigations. - 186 p.

Chairs: Marta Kutas; Elizabeth A. Bates.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2002.

Approximately half of the world's languages use grammatical gender, yet its role in sentence processing is still poorly understood. This thesis examines the influence of grammatical gender in Spanish sentence comprehension in real time, using two behavioral measures and an electrophysiological measure of brain activity, event-related potentials (ERPs). In both response time tasks---picture naming and semantic congruity judgment of a picture embedded in a spoken sentence---agreement between the gender of a picture's referent and that of the preceding article influenced speed of responding, with slower times for gender mismatches than matches. In addition, gender agreement interacted with the semantic fit of the picture within the preceding sentence context. A second series of experiments used ERPs as the dependent variable, providing a continuous multi-dimensional measure of brain activity. ERPs were recorded from the scalps of native Spanish speakers while they listened or read sentences for comprehension. The timing and nature of the effect of grammatical gender were assessed at two gender-marked words, an article and a noun---which was depicted by a line drawing in two experiments. Overall, gender agreement between the article and noun modulated the ERP to the target (word or picture), although differently across modalities. Gender agreement and semantic congruity interacted, but only when the target was a word, not a picture. Gender also modulated the ERP to the article preceding the target, with a greater response for articles with unexpected than expected gender based on sentence context. Hence, gender plays at least two roles in spoken and written sentence comprehension, by marking agreement between an article and noun (word or picture referent) and by adding to a sentence's meaning as it unfolds. The findings from this dissertation indicate that (1) individuals have expectations about upcoming words based on sentence context, (2) listeners and readers attend to the grammatical gender of words, articles and nouns, and (3) use this information in real time sentence comprehension to assess these expectations and mark agreement between words, even when the gender markings are implicit in a picture's referent.

ISBN: 9780493719764Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017680
Biology, Neuroscience.

Grammatical gender in real-time language comprehension in Spanish: Behavioral and electrophysiological investigations.
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040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Wicha Yapor, Nicole Yvonne. $3 1294426
245 1 0 $a Grammatical gender in real-time language comprehension in Spanish: Behavioral and electrophysiological investigations.
300 $a 186 p.
500 $a Chairs: Marta Kutas; Elizabeth A. Bates.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-06, Section: B, page: 3036.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2002.
520 $a Approximately half of the world's languages use grammatical gender, yet its role in sentence processing is still poorly understood. This thesis examines the influence of grammatical gender in Spanish sentence comprehension in real time, using two behavioral measures and an electrophysiological measure of brain activity, event-related potentials (ERPs). In both response time tasks---picture naming and semantic congruity judgment of a picture embedded in a spoken sentence---agreement between the gender of a picture's referent and that of the preceding article influenced speed of responding, with slower times for gender mismatches than matches. In addition, gender agreement interacted with the semantic fit of the picture within the preceding sentence context. A second series of experiments used ERPs as the dependent variable, providing a continuous multi-dimensional measure of brain activity. ERPs were recorded from the scalps of native Spanish speakers while they listened or read sentences for comprehension. The timing and nature of the effect of grammatical gender were assessed at two gender-marked words, an article and a noun---which was depicted by a line drawing in two experiments. Overall, gender agreement between the article and noun modulated the ERP to the target (word or picture), although differently across modalities. Gender agreement and semantic congruity interacted, but only when the target was a word, not a picture. Gender also modulated the ERP to the article preceding the target, with a greater response for articles with unexpected than expected gender based on sentence context. Hence, gender plays at least two roles in spoken and written sentence comprehension, by marking agreement between an article and noun (word or picture referent) and by adding to a sentence's meaning as it unfolds. The findings from this dissertation indicate that (1) individuals have expectations about upcoming words based on sentence context, (2) listeners and readers attend to the grammatical gender of words, articles and nouns, and (3) use this information in real time sentence comprehension to assess these expectations and mark agreement between words, even when the gender markings are implicit in a picture's referent.
590 $a School code: 0033.
650 4 $a Biology, Neuroscience. $3 1017680
650 4 $a Language, Linguistics. $3 1018079
650 4 $a Psychology, Cognitive. $3 1017810
650 4 $a Psychology, Psychobiology. $3 1017821
690 $a 0290
690 $a 0317
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710 2 0 $a University of California, San Diego. $3 1018093
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-06B.
790 $a 0033
790 1 0 $a Bates, Elizabeth A., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Kutas, Marta, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3056923