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Experiments on the effect of secular...

Ries, Justin B.

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Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater magnesium/calcium (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater magnesium/calcium (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization./
作者:	Ries, Justin B.
面頁冊數:	204 p.
附註:	Co-Readers: Steven M. Stanley; Lawrence A. Hardie.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International66-04B.
標題:	Biogeochemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3172681
ISBN:	9780542104787

Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater magnesium/calcium (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization.
Ries, Justin B.

Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater magnesium/calcium (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization. - 204 p.

Co-Readers: Steven M. Stanley; Lawrence A. Hardie.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2005.

These experiments support the empirical fossil evidence that oceanic Mg/Ca has greatly influenced the success and mineralogy of the sediment-producing and reef-building hypercalcifiers throughout the Phanerozoic.

ISBN: 9780542104787Subjects--Topical Terms:

545717
Biogeochemistry.

Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater magnesium/calcium (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization.
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245 1 0 $a Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater magnesium/calcium (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-04, Section: B, page: 1947.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2005.
520 $a These experiments support the empirical fossil evidence that oceanic Mg/Ca has greatly influenced the success and mineralogy of the sediment-producing and reef-building hypercalcifiers throughout the Phanerozoic.
520 $a The polymorph mineralogy of simple, hypercalcifying marine organisms has varied in concert with abiotic CaCO3 precipitates throughout the Phanerozoic. This synchronicity is caused by secular variation in the Mg/Ca ratio of seawater (mMg/Ca > 2 = aragonite + high-Mg calcite; mMg/Ca < 2 = calcite), determined by the mixing rate of mid-ocean-ridge/large-igneous-province hydrothermal brines and river water, driven primarily by the rate of ocean crust production.
520 $a Here, I present experiments evaluating the effect of seawater Mg/Ca on the biomineralization and growth of extant representatives of geologically significant calcifying taxa which were subjected to the fluctuations in oceanic Mg/Ca responsible for the aragonite and calcite seas of the Phanerozoic. Sediment-producing codiacean algae (aragonite) and coccolithophores (low-high Mg-calcite); reef-building scleractinian corals (aragonite) and coralline algae (high Mg-calcite); and reef-dwelling animals (high Mg-calcite) were grown in artificial seawaters formulated over the range of mMg/Ca ratios (&sim;1.0--5.2) which occurred throughout these taxa's history.
520 $a Codiacean algae and scleractinian corals exhibited higher rates of calcification and growth in seawater favoring their aragonitic mineralogy (mMg/Ca > 2), producing a significant portion of their CaCO3 as calcite in the calcite seawater (mMg/Ca < 2). Coccolithophores showed higher calcification and growth rates, producing low-Mg calcite in the calcite seawater. The coralline algae and reef-dwelling animals also varied their skeletal Mg/Ca with seawater Mg/Ca.
520 $a The codiacean algae's and scleractinian corals' precipitation of both aragonite and calcite in calcite seawater and the coccolithophores', coralline algae's and reef-dwelling animals' precipitation of calcite with skeletal Mg/Ca varying with seawater Mg/Ca, indicate that while these organisms exert significant influence over their calcification, their biomineralogical control can be partially overridden by ambient Mg/Ca. This suggests that organisms which secrete aragonite or high-Mg calcite in modern aragonite seas, secreted an aragonite + low-Mg calcite mixture or only low-Mg calcite, respectively, in calcite seas.
520 $a The elevated calcification and growth rates for codiacean algae and corals in aragonite seawater, and for coccolithophores in calcite seawater, indicate that hypercalcifying organisms have a competitive advantage when their polymorph mineralogy is favored by ambient Mg/Ca.
590 $a School code: 0098.
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