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Influence of cold exposure on ventil...

Diesel, Donald Alan.

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Influence of cold exposure on ventilation, respiratory heat loss, and pulmonary deposition/clearance.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Influence of cold exposure on ventilation, respiratory heat loss, and pulmonary deposition/clearance./
作者:	Diesel, Donald Alan.
面頁冊數:	169 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-09, Section: B, page: 4213.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International51-09B.
標題:	Biology, Animal Physiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9103422

Influence of cold exposure on ventilation, respiratory heat loss, and pulmonary deposition/clearance.
Diesel, Donald Alan.

Influence of cold exposure on ventilation, respiratory heat loss, and pulmonary deposition/clearance. - 169 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-09, Section: B, page: 4213.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Colorado State University, 1990.

Thermoregulatory benefits of cold-induced changes in breathing pattern (hypoventilation) and mechanism(s) by which cold stimulates hypoventilation were investigated in calves. Experiments used male Holsteins, ages 1 and 3 months. Effects of ambient temperature (T$\sb{\rm a}$), between 4 and 18$\sp\circSubjects--Topical Terms:

1017835
Biology, Animal Physiology.

Influence of cold exposure on ventilation, respiratory heat loss, and pulmonary deposition/clearance.
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100 1 $a Diesel, Donald Alan. $3 1291627
245 1 0 $a Influence of cold exposure on ventilation, respiratory heat loss, and pulmonary deposition/clearance.
300 $a 169 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-09, Section: B, page: 4213.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Colorado State University, 1990.
520 $a Thermoregulatory benefits of cold-induced changes in breathing pattern (hypoventilation) and mechanism(s) by which cold stimulates hypoventilation were investigated in calves. Experiments used male Holsteins, ages 1 and 3 months. Effects of ambient temperature (T$\sb{\rm a}$), between 4 and 18$\sp\circ $c , on ventilation and respiratory heat loss (RHL) were determined. As T$\sb{\rm a}$ decreased over the range studied, respiratory frequency (f) decreased 5.2 breaths/min, tidal volume (V$\sb{\rm T}$) increased 35%, total ventilation and RHL did not change, and the percentage of metabolic rate attributed to RHL decreased. To investigate the relationship of ventilation to expired air temperature (T$\sb{\rm E}$), ventilation was stimulated by increasing inspired CO$\sb2$ (T$\sb{\rm a}$ = 4-6$\sp\circ $c ). A positive relationship existed between f and T$\sb{\rm E}$, while hypothalamic temperature was not affected. Therefore, cold-exposed calves conserve respiratory heat by decreasing T$\sb{\rm E}$ and dead space ventilation.
520 $a Decreased f and increased V$\sb{\rm T}$ were induced by airway cold exposure alone, as well as by exposing the body, but not airways, to cold. Blocking airway thermoreceptors with topical 3% lidocaine during airway cold exposure prevented the ventilatory response. At T$\sb{\rm a}$ = 16-18$\sp\circ $c , cooling the hypothalamus with a thermode did not alter ventilation. Thus, airway and skin, but not hypothalamic, temperature influences ventilation. Cold-induced hypoventilation is suggested as a mode of heat conservation in animal species which pant to increase evaporative heat loss.
520 $a The effect of cold-induced hypoventilation on pulmonary particle deposition was investigated. Deposition of nasally instilled fluorescent Pasteurella haemolytica was higher for cold-exposed calves and probably due to respiratory pattern differences. Deposition was greater for apical and mediastinal lobes, but the mechanism of preferential deposition is uncertain.
520 $a Nasal mucus velocity (NMV) was measured in 4 unanesthetized calves at T$\sb{\rm a}$ = 2-4$\sp\circ $c and T$\sb{\rm a}$ = 16-18$\sp\circ $c , using a radiographic technique. NMV was 24% lower for cold-exposed calves. The effect of mucosal temperature (T$\sb{\rm m}$) on tracheal mucus velocity (TMV) was determined in excised calf and sheep trachea. TMV was directly related to T$\sb{\rm m}$ between 35.0-39.5$\sp\circ $c . Tracheal air temperature measurements indicate that conditioning of inspired air is not complete, therefore, cold exposure may depress tracheal mucociliary clearance. It is speculated that cold-induced decreases in particle clearance, and increases in deposition, predispose calves to respiratory infection.
590 $a School code: 0053.
650 4 $a Biology, Animal Physiology. $3 1017835
650 4 $a Biology, Veterinary Science. $3 1021733
690 $a 0433
690 $a 0778
710 2 0 $a Colorado State University. $3 675646
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 51-09B.
790 $a 0053
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1990
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9103422