東華大學圖書館 |

Language: English

Help

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

Back

Switch To: Labeled | MARC Mode | ISBD

Parent-offspring conflict among the ...

Kushnick, Geoffrey C.

Linked to FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Parent-offspring conflict among the Karo of North Sumatra.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Parent-offspring conflict among the Karo of North Sumatra./
Author:	Kushnick, Geoffrey C.
Description:	167 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Eric Alden Smith.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-09A.
Subject:	Anthropology, Cultural. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3231051
ISBN:	9780542846748

Parent-offspring conflict among the Karo of North Sumatra.
Kushnick, Geoffrey C.

Parent-offspring conflict among the Karo of North Sumatra. - 167 p.

Adviser: Eric Alden Smith.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2006.

This dissertation analyzes the results of a quantitative ethnographic study of parental and offspring behavior among the Karo Batak. The goals of this project were to bring behavioral ecology theory to bear on demographic, economic, and behavioral data, and to assess the power of Trivers's (1974) theory of parent-offspring conflict for explaining demographic and life-history outcomes in a small-scale society. Cash-crop subsistence agriculturalists from the highlands (up to 1400m) of peri-equatorial North Sumatra, Indonesia, the patrilineal Karo Batak have relatively high rates of fertility (TFR=3.28 to 4.38) and child mortality (37.2 to 60.4 per 1,000 from birth to 5). I collected reproductive and economic histories from 240 women in two villages (Doulu and Laubuluh) with differing socioeconomic contexts, and made systematic behavior observations amongst a subsample of women. First, I tested hypotheses from a model of parent-offspring conflict resolution. As predicted, offspring that cried more during observation periods received more breastfeeding, and offspring that were ranked with more long-term "need" cried more often. I also found that offspring cry more after receiving breastfeeding, indicating that they are probably not influencing the outcome toward their own optima. Second, I presented a model of optimal interbirth intervals and some simple tests of derived hypotheses. The hypotheses met with some support, but the results from a parent-offspring conflict perspective were suggestive rather than decisive. Because landholding emerged as a strong predictor of birth intervals, I argued that the sociocultural context of inheritance may influence Karo Batak reproductive decision making. Finally, I tested hypotheses derived from two models for the timing of marriage amongst women who reported relatively complete reproductive histories for themselves and their mothers. I found support for the direct benefits model (offspring optimal perspective) but little for the indirect benefits model (parental optimal perspective). I argued that data from males might provide a better fit for the latter based on cross-cultural patterns of port for offspring marriage and reproduction. In conclusion, I found that parent-offspring conflict remains an intriguing possibility for explaining human reproductive behavior but it will be hard to come by conclusive evidence for its importance.

ISBN: 9780542846748Subjects--Topical Terms:

735016
Anthropology, Cultural.

Parent-offspring conflict among the Karo of North Sumatra.
LDR:03300nam 2200289 a 45 001 967044
005 20110915
008 110915s2006 eng d
020 $a 9780542846748
035 $a (UnM)AAI3231051
035 $a AAI3231051
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Kushnick, Geoffrey C. $3 1290931
245 1 0 $a Parent-offspring conflict among the Karo of North Sumatra.
300 $a 167 p.
500 $a Adviser: Eric Alden Smith.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-09, Section: A, page: 3460.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2006.
520 $a This dissertation analyzes the results of a quantitative ethnographic study of parental and offspring behavior among the Karo Batak. The goals of this project were to bring behavioral ecology theory to bear on demographic, economic, and behavioral data, and to assess the power of Trivers's (1974) theory of parent-offspring conflict for explaining demographic and life-history outcomes in a small-scale society. Cash-crop subsistence agriculturalists from the highlands (up to 1400m) of peri-equatorial North Sumatra, Indonesia, the patrilineal Karo Batak have relatively high rates of fertility (TFR=3.28 to 4.38) and child mortality (37.2 to 60.4 per 1,000 from birth to 5). I collected reproductive and economic histories from 240 women in two villages (Doulu and Laubuluh) with differing socioeconomic contexts, and made systematic behavior observations amongst a subsample of women. First, I tested hypotheses from a model of parent-offspring conflict resolution. As predicted, offspring that cried more during observation periods received more breastfeeding, and offspring that were ranked with more long-term "need" cried more often. I also found that offspring cry more after receiving breastfeeding, indicating that they are probably not influencing the outcome toward their own optima. Second, I presented a model of optimal interbirth intervals and some simple tests of derived hypotheses. The hypotheses met with some support, but the results from a parent-offspring conflict perspective were suggestive rather than decisive. Because landholding emerged as a strong predictor of birth intervals, I argued that the sociocultural context of inheritance may influence Karo Batak reproductive decision making. Finally, I tested hypotheses derived from two models for the timing of marriage amongst women who reported relatively complete reproductive histories for themselves and their mothers. I found support for the direct benefits model (offspring optimal perspective) but little for the indirect benefits model (parental optimal perspective). I argued that data from males might provide a better fit for the latter based on cross-cultural patterns of port for offspring marriage and reproduction. In conclusion, I found that parent-offspring conflict remains an intriguing possibility for explaining human reproductive behavior but it will be hard to come by conclusive evidence for its importance.
590 $a School code: 0250.
650 4 $a Anthropology, Cultural. $3 735016
650 4 $a Sociology, Demography. $3 1020257
650 4 $a Sociology, Individual and Family Studies. $3 626655
690 $a 0326
690 $a 0628
690 $a 0938
710 2 0 $a University of Washington. $3 545923
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 67-09A.
790 $a 0250
790 1 0 $a Smith, Eric Alden, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3231051