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Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynami...

Gupta, Neeraj.

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Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation for identification of pre-diabetic subjects.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation for identification of pre-diabetic subjects./
作者:	Gupta, Neeraj.
面頁冊數:	164 p.
附註:	Adviser: Peter Veng-Pedersen.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-07B.
標題:	Health Sciences, Pharmacology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3225616
ISBN:	9780542795343

Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation for identification of pre-diabetic subjects.
Gupta, Neeraj.

Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation for identification of pre-diabetic subjects. - 164 p.

Adviser: Peter Veng-Pedersen.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2006.

Diabetes is characterized by progressive loss of beta-cell function, regardless of whether insulin resistance is present. At diagnosis, up to 50% of beta cell function has already been lost. So, it is important to kinetically assess in-vivo beta-cell function by precise measurement of first phase insulin secretion, which is an earliest detectable defect in type-2 diabetes. No pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model comprehensively reflects the physiologic events occurring within and exterior to the beta-cells based on new knowledge of the beta cell granule pools.

ISBN: 9780542795343Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017717
Health Sciences, Pharmacology.

Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation for identification of pre-diabetic subjects.
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245 1 0 $a Novel pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation for identification of pre-diabetic subjects.
300 $a 164 p.
500 $a Adviser: Peter Veng-Pedersen.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 3727.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2006.
520 $a Diabetes is characterized by progressive loss of beta-cell function, regardless of whether insulin resistance is present. At diagnosis, up to 50% of beta cell function has already been lost. So, it is important to kinetically assess in-vivo beta-cell function by precise measurement of first phase insulin secretion, which is an earliest detectable defect in type-2 diabetes. No pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model comprehensively reflects the physiologic events occurring within and exterior to the beta-cells based on new knowledge of the beta cell granule pools.
520 $a The main objectives are: (1) to quantify beta-cell function using a new mechanistic PK/PD model by identifying physiological parameters for differentiation of the glucose-insulin regulation, (2) to investigate pancreatic responsiveness in lean and obese children using a new model that is compared to a published minimal model, (3) to perform PK/PD analysis for differentiation of beta cell function in a 18 month follow up study in lean and obese children, (4) to develop and validate a predictive model for developing diabetes in a high risk population.
520 $a Our PK/PD model was able to account for dynamic pattern of insulin secretion to glucose, by various physiological parameters within and exterior to beta cells, including first phase secretion of insulin. The proposed model was able to kinetically determine secretory differences in first phase secretion of insulin (given by parameter kg in our model) between lean and obese non-diabetic prepubertal children and also in a follow-up study designed to track the progression of insulin secretory changes over a period of 18-months. In subjects with family history of diabetes, our predictive model using information from body mass index and insulin concentration data, can better identify subjects that will develop diabetes later in their life than current predictions based on known risk factors.
520 $a Our proposed models have shown promise to improve our ability to predict the development of type-2 diabetes and may also be used as a new screening test for early detection of this important disorder that will allow early targeting of therapies and interventions directed at disease prevention.
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