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A comparison of oviparous and vivipa...

Bickel, Ryan Daniel.

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A comparison of oviparous and viviparous pea aphid development during oogenesis and early embryogenesis.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	A comparison of oviparous and viviparous pea aphid development during oogenesis and early embryogenesis./
Author:	Bickel, Ryan Daniel.
Description:	120 p.
Notes:	Adviser: David L. Stern.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-06B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Plant Pathology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3223848
ISBN:	9780542747311

A comparison of oviparous and viviparous pea aphid development during oogenesis and early embryogenesis.
Bickel, Ryan Daniel.

A comparison of oviparous and viviparous pea aphid development during oogenesis and early embryogenesis. - 120 p.

Adviser: David L. Stern.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2006.

The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) is a valuable model for evolutionary developmental biology, in part, because of its two highly divergent modes of development. In the spring and summer, aphids undergo parthenogenetic, viviparous development; in the fall, a reduced photoperiod induces the production of males and sexual females whose progeny develop as overwintering eggs. The oviparous and viviparous developments differ in location, maturation time and embryo size, yet they produce nearly identical nymphs.

ISBN: 9780542747311Subjects--Topical Terms:

1028950
Agriculture, Plant Pathology.

A comparison of oviparous and viviparous pea aphid development during oogenesis and early embryogenesis.
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020 $a 9780542747311
035 $a (UMI)AAI3223848
035 $a AAI3223848
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Bickel, Ryan Daniel. $3 1269214
245 1 2 $a A comparison of oviparous and viviparous pea aphid development during oogenesis and early embryogenesis.
300 $a 120 p.
500 $a Adviser: David L. Stern.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-06, Section: B, page: 2960.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2006.
520 $a The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) is a valuable model for evolutionary developmental biology, in part, because of its two highly divergent modes of development. In the spring and summer, aphids undergo parthenogenetic, viviparous development; in the fall, a reduced photoperiod induces the production of males and sexual females whose progeny develop as overwintering eggs. The oviparous and viviparous developments differ in location, maturation time and embryo size, yet they produce nearly identical nymphs.
520 $a Early developmental patterning in aphids is complicated by the presence of bacteriocytes, a novel aphid cell type containing the aphid's obligate symbiotic bacteria, Buchnera aphidicola. Buchnera is transmitted from mother to offspring, but the details of the transfer differ in the two developments.
520 $a I have used a candidate gene approach to understand Acyrthosiphon oogenesis and early embryogenesis. In Chapter 1, I use the earliest identified bacteriocyte specific gene, Acyrthosiphon Distal-less (Ap-DII), to examine bacteriocyte formation. In oviparous development, Ap-DII is expressed in future bacteriocytes when they associate with Buchnera in the posterior of the egg. In viviparous development, Ap-DII is expressed in the posterior nuclei of the embryo before Buchnera enters. Ap-DII also has evolutionary conserved expression in the distal portion of developing appendages.
520 $a In Chapter 2, I test the hypothesis that the presence of bacteriocytes causes the usually posterior germ cells to be specified at an alternative location. I used 2 germ cell marker to track germ cells. Acyrthosiphon nanos mRNA and vasa protein suggests that, at blastoderm, germ cells are specified in a posterior ring. Surprisingly, Acyrthosiphon contains two vasa genes, neither of which express mRNA in germ cells.
520 $a Finally, to further investigate posterior embryonic patterning, in Chapter 3, I examine components of the torso-signaling pathway. Acyrthosiphon torso-like (Ap-tsl), a determinate of torso signaling, is expressed in the posterior follicle cells during oviparous oogenesis. Diphosphorylated ERK is localized to the posterior, most likely as a result of torso signaling. During viviparous oogenesis, Ap-tsl is not expressed. This result is confirmed by the unlocalized diphosphorylated ERK in viviparous oocytes. This suggests that the oviparous and viviparous oocytes are being patterned by different mechanisms.
590 $a School code: 0181.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Plant Pathology. $3 1028950
650 4 $a Biology, Entomology. $3 1018619
650 4 $a Biology, Molecular. $3 1017719
690 $a 0307
690 $a 0353
690 $a 0480
710 2 $a Princeton University. $3 645579
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 67-06B.
790 $a 0181
790 1 0 $a Stern, David L., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3223848