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Development of new tools for the app...

Cook, Meridith Ayn.

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Development of new tools for the application of biotechnology to agricultural improvement and assessing risks of biotechnology and its products.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Development of new tools for the application of biotechnology to agricultural improvement and assessing risks of biotechnology and its products./
Author:	Cook, Meridith Ayn.
Description:	135 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Richard F. Allison.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-04B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Agronomy. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3312675
ISBN:	9780549618164

Development of new tools for the application of biotechnology to agricultural improvement and assessing risks of biotechnology and its products.
Cook, Meridith Ayn.

Development of new tools for the application of biotechnology to agricultural improvement and assessing risks of biotechnology and its products. - 135 p.

Adviser: Richard F. Allison.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2008.

The genetic modification of plants through biotechnology, in conjunction with traditional plant breeding, will serve as the basis for future plant improvements for both food and energy. As we employ this relatively new technology, there are numerous issues to consider. In addition to identifying new areas where biotechnology can provide for agricultural improvement, the expansion of biotechnology through development of new methods tailored to specific crops is critical. Simultaneously, the potential risks of biotechnology must be evaluated.

ISBN: 9780549618164Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018679
Agriculture, Agronomy.

Development of new tools for the application of biotechnology to agricultural improvement and assessing risks of biotechnology and its products.
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020 $a 9780549618164
035 $a (UMI)AAI3312675
035 $a AAI3312675
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Cook, Meridith Ayn. $3 1265030
245 1 0 $a Development of new tools for the application of biotechnology to agricultural improvement and assessing risks of biotechnology and its products.
300 $a 135 p.
500 $a Adviser: Richard F. Allison.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-04, Section: B, page: 2037.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2008.
520 $a The genetic modification of plants through biotechnology, in conjunction with traditional plant breeding, will serve as the basis for future plant improvements for both food and energy. As we employ this relatively new technology, there are numerous issues to consider. In addition to identifying new areas where biotechnology can provide for agricultural improvement, the expansion of biotechnology through development of new methods tailored to specific crops is critical. Simultaneously, the potential risks of biotechnology must be evaluated.
520 $a In this thesis I describe the development of a novel transformation system for dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), an important staple crop in many parts of the world. This unique plant transformation method, referred to as electro-transformation, uses an electrical current to drive DNA into the apical meristem of a seedling. Electro-transformation was successful at transforming P. vulgaris as evidenced by the presence in the T1 generation of the bar gene for resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium and the germin gene which encodes an oxalate oxidase. Electro-transformation will hopefully be applicable to other legumes and agriculturally-important species.
520 $a Cherry, an important Michigan crop, is susceptible to numerous plant viruses. One significant cherry viral pathogen is prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV) and infection with this virus results in decreased fruit quality and yield. Here we characterize PNRSV isolates in Michigan. Our results indicate that PNRSV is prevalent in Michigan cherry orchards. Phylogenetic analysis of the coat protein gene nucleotide sequences demonstrates that Michigan PNRSV isolates have high sequence similarity to worldwide PNRSV isolates, and that there was likely more than one introduction of the virus into Michigan. Since there is no source of natural PNRSV resistance in cherry, we propose a novel resistance strategy based on silencing, which is described in the Appendix.
520 $a While numerous applications of plant biotechnology are foreseen, each presents potential risks which must be addressed. Virus-resistant transgenic plants (VRTPs) transcribing plant viral transgenes pose a unique potential environmental risk because recombination between the transgenic transcript and a challenging virus could produce a novel virus. Here we evaluate RNA recombination activity in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana transcribing a portion of the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) coat protein gene inoculated with a CCMV coat protein mutant. We found evidence of five recombination events. Our results suggest the presence of a recombination hotspot in CCMV RNA 3. This study demonstrates that there is baseline recombination activity in inoculated plants expressing a viral transgene. Our results contribute to knowledge in the broader area of RNA recombination and VRTPs.
590 $a School code: 0128.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Agronomy. $3 1018679
650 4 $a Biology, Botany. $3 1017825
650 4 $a Biology, Molecular. $3 1017719
690 $a 0285
690 $a 0307
690 $a 0309
710 2 $a Michigan State University. $3 676168
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 69-04B.
790 $a 0128
790 1 0 $a Allison, Richard F., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2008
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3312675