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Degradation of energetic compounds b...

Stevens Institute of Technology.

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Degradation of energetic compounds by zero valent iron.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Degradation of energetic compounds by zero valent iron./
Author:	Wanaratna, Pischa.
Description:	244 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Mohammed Sidhoum.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-03B.
Subject:	Engineering, Environmental. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3253455

Degradation of energetic compounds by zero valent iron.
Wanaratna, Pischa.

Degradation of energetic compounds by zero valent iron. - 244 p.

Adviser: Mohammed Sidhoum.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stevens Institute of Technology, 2007.

Keywords - energetic compounds, RDX, TNT, HMX, pinkwater, zero valent iron, reduction, kinetics, reaction by-products.Subjects--Topical Terms:

783782
Engineering, Environmental.

Degradation of energetic compounds by zero valent iron.
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005 20110517
008 110517s2007 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
035 $a (UMI)AAI3253455
035 $a AAI3253455
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Wanaratna, Pischa. $3 1263668
245 1 0 $a Degradation of energetic compounds by zero valent iron.
300 $a 244 p.
500 $a Adviser: Mohammed Sidhoum.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-03, Section: B, page: 1859.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stevens Institute of Technology, 2007.
520 $a Keywords - energetic compounds, RDX, TNT, HMX, pinkwater, zero valent iron, reduction, kinetics, reaction by-products.
520 $a Military ordnance production facilities generate explosive-laden wastewater streams, referred as pinkwater, which must be treated prior to their discharge off the plant facility limits. Among the energetic compounds present in pinkwater, RDX, TNT, and HMX are major compounds and have particular environmental concerns since they are toxic and persistent in the environment. The currently applied technology for treating the energetic compounds in pinkwater is activated carbon adsorption. However, the adsorption is a non-destructive technology, which could create future liability issues. Furthermore, treatment of pinkwater with activated carbon is expensive because the exhausted carbon has to be regenerated or dispose to the special landfills. This study evaluated the utilization of zero-valent iron (ZVI) as a potential reducing agent for the treatment of pinkwater in order to reduce treatment time, and operational costs. ZVI treatment can be used as a first treatment step to transform RDX, TNT, and HMX into reduced organic compounds which are easily biodegradable.
520 $a The effectiveness of ZVI as a reducing agent was evaluated under neutral and acidic conditions. Experimental results show that ZVI is effective in reducing RDX, TNT, and HMX in aqueous solutions. The reduction of the energetic compounds proceed very fast under acidic conditions, but slowly at neutral pH. The reduction of HMX was found to be the rate-limiting step. The effect of the acid used (CH3COOH, H2SO4, and HCl) to adjust the initial pH of the reaction medium on the reduction of RDX, TNT, and HMX by ZVI was evaluated. Acetic acid yielded the highest reduction rates. The reduction by-products of RDX under acidic condition were examined. Nitrous oxide, nitrite, and three nitroso derivatives---MNX (hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine), DNX (hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine), and TNX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine)---were identified and quantified. The nitroso compounds (MNX, DNX, and TNX) were found to undergo further reduction by ZVI. The reduction of RDX, TNT, and HMX is modeled using a pseudo first order kinetics and a site-saturation kinetics model.
590 $a School code: 0733.
650 4 $a Engineering, Environmental. $3 783782
650 4 $a Engineering, Sanitary and Municipal. $3 1018731
650 4 $a Military Studies. $3 1017606
690 $a 0554
690 $a 0750
690 $a 0775
710 2 $a Stevens Institute of Technology. $3 1019501
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 68-03B.
790 $a 0733
790 1 0 $a Sidhoum, Mohammed, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3253455