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Biochemical mode of resistance to mu...

Sethi, Amit.

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Biochemical mode of resistance to multiple insect pests in a romaine lettuce cultivar.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Biochemical mode of resistance to multiple insect pests in a romaine lettuce cultivar./
作者:	Sethi, Amit.
面頁冊數:	207 p.
附註:	Adviser: Heather J. McAuslane.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-02B.
標題:	Agriculture, Plant Pathology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3300790
ISBN:	9780549456537

Biochemical mode of resistance to multiple insect pests in a romaine lettuce cultivar.
Sethi, Amit.

Biochemical mode of resistance to multiple insect pests in a romaine lettuce cultivar. - 207 p.

Adviser: Heather J. McAuslane.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2007.

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) quality and yield can be reduced by feeding of several insect pests. Host plant resistance to these insects is an environmentally sound adjunct to conventional chemical control. In this study I compared the survival, development and feeding behavior of cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) and beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) on two romaine lettuce cultivars, resistant 'Valmaine' and susceptible 'Tall Guzmaine'. The survival and development of both species was significantly less on resistant Valmaine than on susceptible Tall Guzmaine. The two insect species showed different feeding preference for leaves of different age groups on Valmaine and Tall Guzmaine.

ISBN: 9780549456537Subjects--Topical Terms:

1028950
Agriculture, Plant Pathology.

Biochemical mode of resistance to multiple insect pests in a romaine lettuce cultivar.
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245 1 0 $a Biochemical mode of resistance to multiple insect pests in a romaine lettuce cultivar.
300 $a 207 p.
500 $a Adviser: Heather J. McAuslane.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: B, page: 0799.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2007.
520 $a Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) quality and yield can be reduced by feeding of several insect pests. Host plant resistance to these insects is an environmentally sound adjunct to conventional chemical control. In this study I compared the survival, development and feeding behavior of cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) and beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) on two romaine lettuce cultivars, resistant 'Valmaine' and susceptible 'Tall Guzmaine'. The survival and development of both species was significantly less on resistant Valmaine than on susceptible Tall Guzmaine. The two insect species showed different feeding preference for leaves of different age groups on Valmaine and Tall Guzmaine.
520 $a Latex from Valmaine strongly inhibited feeding of banded cucumber beetle, Diabrotica balteata LeConte compared to Tall Guzmaine when applied to the surface of artificial diet in both choice and no-choice tests. In a choice test involving diet disks treated with Valmaine latex from young leaves versus mature leaves, the beetles consumed significantly less diet treated with latex from young than mature leaves. No significance difference in feeding was found between diet disks treated with latex from young and mature Tall Guzmaine leaves in choice tests. Three solvents of differing polarity (water, methanol and methylene chloride) were tested to extract deterrent compounds from latex; Valmaine latex extracted with water:methanol (20:80) strongly 15 inhibited beetle feeding when applied to the surface of artificial diet. These studies suggest that moderately polar chemicals within latex may account for resistance in Valmaine to D. balteata.
520 $a Further fractionation of methanolic crude extract of Valmaine latex was done using reverse phase and cation exchange solid-phase extraction to isolate the deterrent compounds. Retention of deterrent compounds on cation exchange resin suggests the presence of compounds with amine group in Valmaine latex. Further bioassay directed fractionation of cation exchange extract using LC/MS indicates the presence of ten compounds in the active fraction between 3 and 4 min. The successful isolation of potent feeding deterrents against D. balteata adults provides convincing evidence of a chemical basis for host plant resistance mediated through latex in this cultivar.
520 $a Latex from damaged plants of Valmaine was much more deterrent to D. balteata adults than latex from undamaged plants when applied on the artificial diet under choice conditions and no such difference was found in Tall Guzmaine choice tests. The activities of three enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase) significantly increased in Valmaine latex from damaged plants over time (i.e., 1, 3 and 6 d) after feeding initiation, but they remained the same in Tall Guzmaine latex. The constitutive level of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and polyphenol oxidase was also significantly higher in the Valmaine latex than in Tall Guzmaine latex. These studies suggest that latex chemistry may change after damage due to increased activity of inducible enzymes and that inducible resistance appears to act synergistically with constitutive resistance in Valmaine latex.
590 $a School code: 0070.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Plant Pathology. $3 1028950
650 4 $a Biology, Entomology. $3 1018619
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710 2 0 $a University of Florida. $3 718949
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 69-02B.
790 $a 0070
790 1 0 $a McAuslane, Heather J., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
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