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Place-based and people-based policy ...

Spencer, James H.

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Place-based and people-based policy approaches to neighborhood poverty: A comparative evaluation of the Enterprise Zone program and the earned income tax credit in Los Angeles (California).

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Place-based and people-based policy approaches to neighborhood poverty: A comparative evaluation of the Enterprise Zone program and the earned income tax credit in Los Angeles (California)./
Author:	Spencer, James H.
Description:	331 p.
Notes:	Chair: Paul M. Ong.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-09A.
Subject:	Economics, Labor. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3063912
ISBN:	0493826289

Place-based and people-based policy approaches to neighborhood poverty: A comparative evaluation of the Enterprise Zone program and the earned income tax credit in Los Angeles (California).
Spencer, James H.

Place-based and people-based policy approaches to neighborhood poverty: A comparative evaluation of the Enterprise Zone program and the earned income tax credit in Los Angeles (California). - 331 p.

Chair: Paul M. Ong.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2002.

This dissertation compares the relative costs and benefits of the Enterprise Zone program and the Earned Income Tax Credit in urbanized Los Angeles County over the 1990s. The existence of spatially concentrated neighborhood poverty has important implications for low-skilled worker-residents. Policies to stimulate the labor market in favor of these workers generally falls into people- or place-based approaches that attempt to increase employment and improve wages. The dissertation begins by describing the effects of spatially concentrated poverty and unemployment and their role in generating a persistent and intergenerational “underclass.” Following this description it evaluates alternative tax credit programs for stimulating private sector employment growth in poor neighborhoods and for transferring income directly to low-skilled workers, who happen to be concentrated disproportionately in poor neighborhoods. The California Enterprise Zone program provides credits to corporations that locate in designated poor and disadvantaged neighborhoods. The federal Earned Income Tax Credit is a wage subsidy transferred directly to the working poor through the tax code. The study's findings suggest that the Enterprise Zone program has a significant positive impact on manufacturing jobs in poor neighborhoods, but that the retail and service sectors do not benefit, and may in fact avoid program areas. They also suggest that the Earned Income Tax Credit is not only a major boost to low-income workers, but also

ISBN: 0493826289Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019135
Economics, Labor.

Place-based and people-based policy approaches to neighborhood poverty: A comparative evaluation of the Enterprise Zone program and the earned income tax credit in Los Angeles (California).
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100 1 $a Spencer, James H. $3 1259855
245 1 0 $a Place-based and people-based policy approaches to neighborhood poverty: A comparative evaluation of the Enterprise Zone program and the earned income tax credit in Los Angeles (California).
300 $a 331 p.
500 $a Chair: Paul M. Ong.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-09, Section: A, page: 3386.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2002.
520 $a This dissertation compares the relative costs and benefits of the Enterprise Zone program and the Earned Income Tax Credit in urbanized Los Angeles County over the 1990s. The existence of spatially concentrated neighborhood poverty has important implications for low-skilled worker-residents. Policies to stimulate the labor market in favor of these workers generally falls into people- or place-based approaches that attempt to increase employment and improve wages. The dissertation begins by describing the effects of spatially concentrated poverty and unemployment and their role in generating a persistent and intergenerational “underclass.” Following this description it evaluates alternative tax credit programs for stimulating private sector employment growth in poor neighborhoods and for transferring income directly to low-skilled workers, who happen to be concentrated disproportionately in poor neighborhoods. The California Enterprise Zone program provides credits to corporations that locate in designated poor and disadvantaged neighborhoods. The federal Earned Income Tax Credit is a wage subsidy transferred directly to the working poor through the tax code. The study's findings suggest that the Enterprise Zone program has a significant positive impact on manufacturing jobs in poor neighborhoods, but that the retail and service sectors do not benefit, and may in fact avoid program areas. They also suggest that the Earned Income Tax Credit is not only a major boost to low-income workers, but also $1 40 million is also a major form of neighborhood investment each year. On the other hand, this policy may actually reduce the local retail employment base.
590 $a School code: 0031.
650 4 $a Economics, Labor. $3 1019135
650 4 $a Sociology, Ethnic and Racial Studies. $3 1017474
650 4 $a Urban and Regional Planning. $3 1017841
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690 $a 0631
690 $a 0999
710 2 0 $a University of California, Los Angeles. $3 626622
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-09A.
790 $a 0031
790 1 0 $a Ong, Paul M., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3063912