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Tracing life in the early Archean: ...

van Zuilen, Mark Adriaan.

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Tracing life in the early Archean: The 3800 Ma old Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern West Greenland.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Tracing life in the early Archean: The 3800 Ma old Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern West Greenland./
Author:	van Zuilen, Mark Adriaan.
Description:	224 p.
Notes:	Chair: Gustaf Arrhenius.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-01B.
Subject:	Biogeochemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3077800
ISBN:	0493982841

Tracing life in the early Archean: The 3800 Ma old Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern West Greenland.
van Zuilen, Mark Adriaan.

Tracing life in the early Archean: The 3800 Ma old Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern West Greenland. - 224 p.

Chair: Gustaf Arrhenius.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2003.

Graphite in slates and graded beds (interpreted as a turbidite) appears not to be related to either Fe-carbonate disproportionation or serpentinization reactions. A biogenic origin of this graphite can therefore not be excluded.

ISBN: 0493982841Subjects--Topical Terms:

545717
Biogeochemistry.

Tracing life in the early Archean: The 3800 Ma old Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern West Greenland.
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005 20110510
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020 $a 0493982841
035 $a (UnM)AAI3077800
035 $a AAI3077800
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a van Zuilen, Mark Adriaan. $3 1259418
245 1 0 $a Tracing life in the early Archean: The 3800 Ma old Isua Supracrustal Belt, southern West Greenland.
300 $a 224 p.
500 $a Chair: Gustaf Arrhenius.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B, page: 0111.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2003.
520 $a Graphite in slates and graded beds (interpreted as a turbidite) appears not to be related to either Fe-carbonate disproportionation or serpentinization reactions. A biogenic origin of this graphite can therefore not be excluded.
520 $a Researchers have long alleged that graphite contained in amphibolite grade rocks from the 3.8 Ga Isua Supracrustal Belt (ISB) in southern West Greenland could be biogenic in origin. This conclusion was based on some low carbon isotope ratios of reduced carbon found in Isua rocks. In addition, carbonaceous matter was found to contain traces of hydrogen and nitrogen, elements that supported the biogenic interpretation. Some of these rocks were previously interpreted as shallow marine carbonate deposits, which suggested a suitable setting for preservation of remnants of possible ancient life.
520 $a This dissertation presents a systematic study of ancient traces of life in the ISB. Each chapter focuses on a specific characteristic of graphite; thermodynamic constraints of formation, petrography and geological setting, degree of crystallinity, carbon isotope composition, and isotope composition of trapped gases (nitrogen and argon).
520 $a Field evidence, micropetrographic analysis and thermodynamic constraints indicate that graphite formed epigenetically either by disproportionation of Fe-bearing carbonates in secondary metacarbonate veins or by serpentinization of ultramafic rocks. Both processes are associated with metasomatic activity in the ISB under amphibolite-facies conditions. The observed carbon isotope composition of graphite in these rocks is in accord with isotope fractionation models for these metasomatic processes and CO<sub>2</sub> in the mantle was a likely ultimate carbon source. Stepped-heating/combustion-mass spectrometry of isolated graphite samples revealed three different reservoirs of trapped nitrogen; (1) organic contamination and nitrogen adsorbed to the graphite surface, (2) intercalated nitrogen, (3) nitrogen chemically bound at intrinsic defects within the graphite structure. The isotope composition of this bound nitrogen component in carbonate-derived graphite samples, suggests that the associated metamorphic fluids leached basaltic rocks in Isua. Graphite could not be found in chemical sediments, like banded iron formations (BIFs) and metacherts. Carbon isotope analysis of these metasediments by stepped-heating/combustion-MS indicates that the tiny amounts of reduced carbon are derived from recent organic contamination. The conclusions of this study question some of the earlier inferences about traces of life in the ancient Isua rocks.
590 $a School code: 0033.
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 545717
650 4 $a Geochemistry. $3 539092
650 4 $a Geology. $3 516570
690 $a 0372
690 $a 0425
690 $a 0996
710 2 0 $a University of California, San Diego. $3 1018093
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 64-01B.
790 $a 0033
790 1 0 $a Arrhenius, Gustaf, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2003
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3077800