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Reactions of volatile organic compou...

Fenske, Jill Denise.

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Reactions of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere: Ozone-alkene reactions.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Reactions of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere: Ozone-alkene reactions./
Author:	Fenske, Jill Denise.
Description:	147 p.
Notes:	Chairs: Selim M. Senkan; Suzanne E. Paulson.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International61-02B.
Subject:	Chemistry, Organic. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9961649
ISBN:	0599656085

Reactions of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere: Ozone-alkene reactions.
Fenske, Jill Denise.

Reactions of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere: Ozone-alkene reactions. - 147 p.

Chairs: Selim M. Senkan; Suzanne E. Paulson.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2000.

Photochemical smog cannot form without sunlight, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds (VOC). This dissertation addresses several different aspects of VOC chemistry in the atmosphere.

ISBN: 0599656085Subjects--Topical Terms:

516206
Chemistry, Organic.

Reactions of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere: Ozone-alkene reactions.
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020 $a 0599656085
035 $a (UnM)AAI9961649
035 $a AAI9961649
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Fenske, Jill Denise. $3 1253006
245 1 0 $a Reactions of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere: Ozone-alkene reactions.
300 $a 147 p.
500 $a Chairs: Selim M. Senkan; Suzanne E. Paulson.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-02, Section: B, page: 0960.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2000.
520 $a Photochemical smog cannot form without sunlight, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds (VOC). This dissertation addresses several different aspects of VOC chemistry in the atmosphere.
520 $a Aside from ambient levels of VOC outdoors, VOC are also present at moderate concentrations indoors. Many studies have measured indoor air concentrations of VOC, but only one considered the effects of human breath. The major VOC in the breath of healthy individuals are isoprene (12–580 ppb), acetone (1.2–1800 ppb), ethanol (13–1000 ppb), methanol (160–2000 ppb), and other alcohols. Human emissions of VOC are negligible on a regional (less than 4%) and global scale (less than 0.3%). However, in indoor air, under fairly crowded situations, human emissions of VOC may dominate other sources of VOC.
520 $a An important class of VOC in the atmosphere is alkenes, due to their high reactivity. The ozone reaction with alkenes forms OH radicals, a powerful oxidizing agent in the troposphere. OH radical formation yields from the ozonolysis of several cycloalkenes were measured using small amounts of fast-reacting aromatics and aliphatic ethers to trace OH formation. The values are 0.62 ± 0.15, 0.54 ± 0.13, 0.36 ± 0.08, and 0.91 ± 0.20 for cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene and 1-methylcyclohexene, respectively. Density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level are presented to aid in understanding the trends observed.
520 $a The pressure dependence of OH radical yields may lend insight into the formation mechanism. We have made the first study of the pressure dependence of the OH radical yield for ethene, propene, 1-butene, <italic>trans</italic>-2-butene, and 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene over the range 20–760 Torr, and <italic>trans </italic>-3-hexene, and cyclopentene over the range 200–760 Torr. The OH yields from ozonolysis of ethene and propene were pressure dependent, while the other compounds had OH yields that were independent of pressure.
520 $a Ozone-alkene reactions form vibrationally excited carbonyl oxide intermediates (of the form R1R2COO), some of which, once thermalized, are thought to react with SO2, H2O, NOx, aldehydes and alcohols. Several studies using relative rate techniques and <italic> ab initio</italic> calculations have resulted in estimates for the rate coefficients of reactions of the thermalized biradicals. The ranges of measured and estimated rate coefficients span two to six orders of magnitude, depending on the reaction partner. Using an atmospheric pressure flow reactor, we have made the first absolute rate coefficient determination for the decomposition of and reaction with acetaldehyde of thermalized CH3CHOO from <italic>trans</italic>-2-butene ozonolysis. The measurement results are: kdec = 76 s<super>−1 </super> and kald = 1.0 × 10<super>−12</super> cm<super> 3</super>molec<super>−1</super>s<super>−1</super>.
590 $a School code: 0031.
650 4 $a Chemistry, Organic. $3 516206
650 4 $a Engineering, Chemical. $3 1018531
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
650 4 $a Physics, Atmospheric Science. $3 1019431
690 $a 0490
690 $a 0542
690 $a 0608
690 $a 0768
710 2 0 $a University of California, Los Angeles. $3 626622
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 61-02B.
790 $a 0031
790 1 0 $a Paulson, Suzanne E., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Senkan, Selim M., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2000
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9961649