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Carnitine, choline and caffeine prom...

Hongu, Nobuko.

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Carnitine, choline and caffeine promote fat loss and metabolism in rats and humans.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Carnitine, choline and caffeine promote fat loss and metabolism in rats and humans./
Author:	Hongu, Nobuko.
Description:	269 p.
Notes:	Major Professor: Dileep S. Sachan.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-05B.
Subject:	Chemistry, Biochemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3054118
ISBN:	0493692495

Carnitine, choline and caffeine promote fat loss and metabolism in rats and humans.
Hongu, Nobuko.

Carnitine, choline and caffeine promote fat loss and metabolism in rats and humans. - 269 p.

Major Professor: Dileep S. Sachan.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Tennessee, 2002.

Choline supplementation causes a significant conservation of carnitine in normal healthy humans and guinea pigs. The choline supplementation promoted tissue carnitine accretion, particularly in skeletal muscle of guinea pigs, and livers of rats. Also, choline supplemented guinea pigs had lower percentage of carcass fat and higher percentage of protein but the body weights or the respiratory quotient (RQ) were not affected.

ISBN: 0493692495Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017722
Chemistry, Biochemistry.

Carnitine, choline and caffeine promote fat loss and metabolism in rats and humans.
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005 20110427
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020 $a 0493692495
035 $a (UnM)AAI3054118
035 $a AAI3054118
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Hongu, Nobuko. $3 1252926
245 1 0 $a Carnitine, choline and caffeine promote fat loss and metabolism in rats and humans.
300 $a 269 p.
500 $a Major Professor: Dileep S. Sachan.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-05, Section: B, page: 2317.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Tennessee, 2002.
520 $a Choline supplementation causes a significant conservation of carnitine in normal healthy humans and guinea pigs. The choline supplementation promoted tissue carnitine accretion, particularly in skeletal muscle of guinea pigs, and livers of rats. Also, choline supplemented guinea pigs had lower percentage of carcass fat and higher percentage of protein but the body weights or the respiratory quotient (RQ) were not affected.
520 $a Based on these observations, we hypothesized that a combination of choline and carnitine may further increase carnitine accretion by tissues, and if energy needs were increased by exercise and fat mobilization was stimulated by caffeine, there may be reduction in body fat. In a 2 x 2 factorial design, male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to nonsupplemented and supplemented groups and one-half of each group was exercised. Body weight was significantly reduced by exercise only, however, regional fat pad weights and serum leptin concentration were significantly reduced by the combination of carnitine, choline and caffeine supplements as well as by exercise. Regardless of exercise, supplements significantly lowered triglycerides in serum but increased triglycerides in the skeletal muscle.
520 $a We postulated that fat loss in rats was due to enhanced fat mobilization and fatty acid oxidation. To support this, we determined the RQ and several metabolic markers of fat oxidation in the rat model. No significant differences were found in the mean RQ values of the groups at rest in all groups and at exhaustion between the two exercised groups. However, increased maximal oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2</sub>max) and delayed exhaustion time was found in the supplemented rats. Post-exercise concentrations of serum triglycerides were decreased, but β-hydroxybutyrate, acylcarnitine and acetylcarnitine were increased in the supplemented rats. The changes in serum metabolites were complemented by the changes in the muscle and urinary metabolites. The magnitude of increase in urinary acylcarnitine (34 to 45-fold) of the supplemented rats is a unique effect of this combination of the supplements. Evidence indicates enhanced β-oxidation of fatty acids without a change in the RQ because acetyl units were excreted in urine as acetylcarnitine and not oxidized to carbon dioxide. For this phenomenon we proposed the term, “fatty acid dumping”. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
590 $a School code: 0226.
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Nutrition. $3 1017801
690 $a 0487
690 $a 0570
710 2 0 $a The University of Tennessee. $3 1022026
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-05B.
790 $a 0226
790 1 0 $a Sachan, Dileep S., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3054118