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Towards faster and more reliable met...

Heisterkamp, Monika.

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Towards faster and more reliable methods for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds in environmental samples.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Towards faster and more reliable methods for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds in environmental samples./
作者:	Heisterkamp, Monika.
面頁冊數:	190 p.
附註:	Promoter: F. C. Adams.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International61-09B.
標題:	Chemistry, Analytical. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9988245
ISBN:	059994997X

Towards faster and more reliable methods for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds in environmental samples.
Heisterkamp, Monika.

Towards faster and more reliable methods for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds in environmental samples. - 190 p.

Promoter: F. C. Adams.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen (Belgium), 2000.

Organolead compounds, used as anti-knocking agents in leaded gasoline, have become one of the few ‘environmentally unsafe’ products to be banned from the market. Due to the realization of the toxic effects of organolead compounds on the environment and human health, strict legal regulations were enacted in order to restrict and, finally, prohibit the use of organolead compounds in most developed countries. Consequently, procedures have to be made available providing high sample throughput as well as high reliability in order to check the compliance with these legal restrictions.

ISBN: 059994997XSubjects--Topical Terms:

586156
Chemistry, Analytical.

Towards faster and more reliable methods for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds in environmental samples.
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245 1 0 $a Towards faster and more reliable methods for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds in environmental samples.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-09, Section: B, page: 4688.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen (Belgium), 2000.
520 $a Organolead compounds, used as anti-knocking agents in leaded gasoline, have become one of the few ‘environmentally unsafe’ products to be banned from the market. Due to the realization of the toxic effects of organolead compounds on the environment and human health, strict legal regulations were enacted in order to restrict and, finally, prohibit the use of organolead compounds in most developed countries. Consequently, procedures have to be made available providing high sample throughput as well as high reliability in order to check the compliance with these legal restrictions.
520 $a For this purpose the entire analytical procedure for the speciation analysis of organolead compounds using hyphenated techniques based on gas chromatography (GC) has to be fastened and simplified. It was the aim in this work to assist in this. An increase in speed and reliability was attained by the following.
520 $a Sample preparation could be fastened significantly using derivatization methods based on <italic>in-situ</italic> alkylation, meaning derivatization directly in the water phase. The use of alkylborates allows a simplified and simultaneous separation of the organolead species from the matrix, derivatization and extraction within a one-step procedure. Another time-consuming step in the speciation analysis using hyphenated techniques is the separation of the species. Application of multi-capillary columns in GC can drastically reduce the time necessary for a chromatographic run. Very narrow peaks are generated requiring especially fast detection systems. Inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP TOFMS) offers distinctive capabilities as regards to detector speed and was therefore coupled to GC. This system was optimized in order to fasten GC separation of the different organolead species.
520 $a Quality assurance of the optimized analytical methods was performed by participation in a certification exercise organized within the Standards, Measurement & Testing Programme of the European Union. This resulted in the availability of a new certified reference material (CRM). Additionally, this CRM was employed to ensure the reliability of the optimized methods and systems.
520 $a Another part of this work aimed the evaluation of the impact of European automobile emissions on the environmental lead burden. This was achieved by speciation analysis of organolead compounds in two records of environmental pollution reflecting the atmospheric conditions of this century. Analysis of an alpine peat and snow/ice core revealed a straightforward evidence of the significant influence of these emissions in correlation with the production of anti-knocking agents as well as the decreasing environmental concentrations due to the enacted legislation regarding the reduction and, finally, the ban of the use of leaded gasoline.
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