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Self-organization mechanisms in the ...

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Self-organization mechanisms in the assembly and maintenance of bipolar spindles.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Self-organization mechanisms in the assembly and maintenance of bipolar spindles./
Author:	Burbank, Kendra Stewart.
Description:	91 p.
Notes:	Advisers: Daniel S. Fisher; Timothy J. Mitchison.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-01B.
Subject:	Biophysics, General. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3295904
ISBN:	9780549408277

Self-organization mechanisms in the assembly and maintenance of bipolar spindles.
Burbank, Kendra Stewart.

Self-organization mechanisms in the assembly and maintenance of bipolar spindles. - 91 p.

Advisers: Daniel S. Fisher; Timothy J. Mitchison.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2008.

Anastral, meiotic spindles are thought to be organized differently from astral, mitotic spindles, but the field has lacked basic structural information required to describe and model them, including the location of microtubule nucleating sites and minus ends. How the various components of spindles act together to establish and maintain the dynamic bipolar structure of spindles is not understood.

ISBN: 9780549408277Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019105
Biophysics, General.

Self-organization mechanisms in the assembly and maintenance of bipolar spindles.
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020 $a 9780549408277
035 $a (UMI)AAI3295904
035 $a AAI3295904
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Burbank, Kendra Stewart. $3 1036311
245 1 0 $a Self-organization mechanisms in the assembly and maintenance of bipolar spindles.
300 $a 91 p.
500 $a Advisers: Daniel S. Fisher; Timothy J. Mitchison.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-01, Section: B, page: 0358.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2008.
520 $a Anastral, meiotic spindles are thought to be organized differently from astral, mitotic spindles, but the field has lacked basic structural information required to describe and model them, including the location of microtubule nucleating sites and minus ends. How the various components of spindles act together to establish and maintain the dynamic bipolar structure of spindles is not understood.
520 $a We measure the distributions of oriented microtubules (MTs) in metaphase anastral spindles in Xenopus extracts by fluorescence speckle microscopy and cross-correlation analysis. We localized plus ends by tubulin incorporation and combined this with the orientation data to infer the localization of minus ends. We find that minus ends are localized throughout the spindle, sparsely at the equator and at higher concentrations near the poles. This dads to the surprising conclusion that spindles contained many short MTs, not connected to the spindle poles.
520 $a Based on these data, we propose a slide-and-cluster model based on four known molecular activities: MT nucleation near chromosomes, the sliding of MTs by a plus-enddirected motor, the clustering of their minus ends by a minus-end-directed motor, and the loss of MTs by dynamic instability. This work demonstrates how the interplay between two types of motors together with continual nucleation of MTs by chromosomes could organize the MTs into spindles. Our model applies to overlapping, nonkinetochore MTs in anastral spindles, and perhaps also to interpolar MTs in astral spindles. We show mathematically that the slide-and-cluster mechanism robustly forms bipolar spindles a stable steady-state length, sometimes with sharp poles. This model accounts for several experimental observations that were difficult to explain with existing models, and is the first self contained model for anastral spindle assembly, MT sliding (known as poleward flux), and spindle bistability. Our experimental results support the slide-and-cluster scenario; most significantly, we find that MT sliding slows near spindle poles, confirming the models primary prediction.
590 $a School code: 0084.
650 4 $a Biophysics, General. $3 1019105
650 4 $a Physics, General. $3 1018488
690 $a 0605
690 $a 0786
710 2 $a Harvard University. $3 528741
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 69-01B.
790 $a 0084
790 1 0 $a Fisher, Daniel S., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Mitchison, Timothy J., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2008
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3295904