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Cottonwood establishment in a gravel...

University of Montana., Organismal Biology & Ecology.

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Cottonwood establishment in a gravel-bed river.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Cottonwood establishment in a gravel-bed river./
Author:	Meier, Claudio Ivan.
Description:	149 p.
Notes:	Adviser: F. Richard Hauer.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-05B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3307219
ISBN:	9780549556299

Cottonwood establishment in a gravel-bed river.
Meier, Claudio Ivan.

Cottonwood establishment in a gravel-bed river. - 149 p.

Adviser: F. Richard Hauer.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Montana, 2008.

I investigated the processes of establishment of the cottonwood Populus trichocarpa T.& G. along the pristine, 5th order, wandering floodplain of the gravel-bed Flathead River, Montana, USA. The focus of my research was to determine the mechanisms explaining successful recruitment on recently formed, unvegetated bars, covering a range of spatial scales from within-bar (&sim;1 to 10 m) to across-reach (&sim;1 to 10 km). Results are based on field observations and measurements over three growth seasons (2005 through 2007), as well as outdoor and laboratory experiments.

ISBN: 9780549556299Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Cottonwood establishment in a gravel-bed river.
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005 20100802
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020 $a 9780549556299
035 $a (UMI)AAI3307219
035 $a AAI3307219
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Meier, Claudio Ivan. $3 1035586
245 1 0 $a Cottonwood establishment in a gravel-bed river.
300 $a 149 p.
500 $a Adviser: F. Richard Hauer.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-05, Section: B, page: 2760.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Montana, 2008.
520 $a I investigated the processes of establishment of the cottonwood Populus trichocarpa T.& G. along the pristine, 5th order, wandering floodplain of the gravel-bed Flathead River, Montana, USA. The focus of my research was to determine the mechanisms explaining successful recruitment on recently formed, unvegetated bars, covering a range of spatial scales from within-bar (&sim;1 to 10 m) to across-reach (&sim;1 to 10 km). Results are based on field observations and measurements over three growth seasons (2005 through 2007), as well as outdoor and laboratory experiments.
520 $a At the within-bar scale, I used a paired-plot sampling design to compare closely-located sites with and without successful propagation, controlling for elevation and surface texture. I examined seedling response to soil texture in the root zone, thickness of the coarse surface layer of clean gravel, and depth to water. I found no effects of the vertical distance to water. On the other hand, the proportion of finer sediment (i.e., fine sand, very fine sand, and silt) within the matrix and the thickness of the coarse surface layer are controlling variables, that interact to explain both presence-absence and growth of seedlings. An evaporation experiment demonstrated that the coarse surface layer acts as mulch, strongly reducing evaporation and maintaining high soil moisture levels within the fines. I found that gravel bars are highly heterogeneous environments where the assumptions of horizontal and homogeneous water table and capillary fringe do not hold, and where cottonwood seedlings are essentially acting as facultative instead of obligate phreatophytes. Thus, some of the currently accepted concepts for cottonwood establishment do not apply in gravel-bed rivers.
520 $a Based on my observations of seeds and germinants in the drift, on experimental results confirming that cottonwood seeds germinate, establish and grow under water, and on comparisons of seedling establishment limits with flow profiles, I am proposing the River Seeding Concept of cottonwood establishment in gravel-bed rivers. This conceptual model posits that hydrochory is the primary establishment mechanism creating recruitment bands and patches of seedlings. Wind-dispersed seeds fall on the water, are incorporated into the drift, and are deposited by receding floodwaters along shallow shorelines, where underwater establishment occurs.
590 $a School code: 0136.
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Biology, Limnology. $3 1018638
650 4 $a Hydrology. $3 545716
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0388
690 $a 0793
710 2 0 $a University of Montana. $b Organismal Biology & Ecology. $3 1019515
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 69-05B.
790 $a 0136
790 1 0 $a Alaback, Paul B. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Burchfield, James A. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Callaway, Ragan M. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Hauer, F. Richard, $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Kimball, John S. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Stanford, Jack A. $e committee member
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2008
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3307219