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Hormonal and molecular investigation...

The Pennsylvania State University.

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Hormonal and molecular investigations of phylloxera leaf gall development.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Hormonal and molecular investigations of phylloxera leaf gall development./
Author:	Witiak, Sarah Melissa.
Description:	128 p.
Notes:	Advisers: Jack Schultz; Hong Ma.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International70-01B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Plant Pathology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3343730
ISBN:	9780549995173

Hormonal and molecular investigations of phylloxera leaf gall development.
Witiak, Sarah Melissa.

Hormonal and molecular investigations of phylloxera leaf gall development. - 128 p.

Advisers: Jack Schultz; Hong Ma.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2006.

Insect galls represent a unique plant-insect interaction whereby a stimulus from the insect redirects normal plant development to form a novel organ that provides nutrition and shelter to the insect within. Previous studies show that galls are induced in young plant tissues and suggest that the morphological, hormonal and metabolic characteristics of galls are similar to fruits and seeds, including well-ordered tissues with high levels of cytokinins, proteins and carbohydates. Based on these observations, I tested the hypothesis that galling insects identify meristematic cells or dedifferentiated cells as sites for gall induction and further gall development occurs via ectopic induction of suites of fruit and seed developmental genes. Using the phylloxera leaf gall (Daktulospharia vitifoliae (Fitch)) on grapevine ( Vitis riparia) I characterized gall development using cytological and molecular techniques. I first examined the cellular structure of the gall throughout development using light and scanning electron microscopy to show that the insect's stylet is inserted in a radial pattern. I visualized cytokinin distribution, which is critical for meristematic activity and cell division, and show that cytokinin accumulates in specific gall tissues. To test whether galls develop through ectopic induction of meristem, fruit and seed genes, I examined the transcription of fruit and seed specific MADS-box genes and show that they are expressed in galls but not the surrounding leaves. By combining cytological observations with gene expression profiles, I developed a model for gall development that is based on atypical expression of normal fruit and seed developmental pathways. Similar gene expression in a second gall induced by Janetiella brevicauda suggests that ectopic induction of fruit and seed development by galling insects may be a general mechanism for insect gall development.

ISBN: 9780549995173Subjects--Topical Terms:

1028950
Agriculture, Plant Pathology.

Hormonal and molecular investigations of phylloxera leaf gall development.
LDR:02858nam 2200301 a 45 001 861269
005 20100719
008 100719s2006 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9780549995173
035 $a (UMI)AAI3343730
035 $a AAI3343730
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Witiak, Sarah Melissa. $3 1028949
245 1 0 $a Hormonal and molecular investigations of phylloxera leaf gall development.
300 $a 128 p.
500 $a Advisers: Jack Schultz; Hong Ma.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-01, Section: B, page: 0144.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2006.
520 $a Insect galls represent a unique plant-insect interaction whereby a stimulus from the insect redirects normal plant development to form a novel organ that provides nutrition and shelter to the insect within. Previous studies show that galls are induced in young plant tissues and suggest that the morphological, hormonal and metabolic characteristics of galls are similar to fruits and seeds, including well-ordered tissues with high levels of cytokinins, proteins and carbohydates. Based on these observations, I tested the hypothesis that galling insects identify meristematic cells or dedifferentiated cells as sites for gall induction and further gall development occurs via ectopic induction of suites of fruit and seed developmental genes. Using the phylloxera leaf gall (Daktulospharia vitifoliae (Fitch)) on grapevine ( Vitis riparia) I characterized gall development using cytological and molecular techniques. I first examined the cellular structure of the gall throughout development using light and scanning electron microscopy to show that the insect's stylet is inserted in a radial pattern. I visualized cytokinin distribution, which is critical for meristematic activity and cell division, and show that cytokinin accumulates in specific gall tissues. To test whether galls develop through ectopic induction of meristem, fruit and seed genes, I examined the transcription of fruit and seed specific MADS-box genes and show that they are expressed in galls but not the surrounding leaves. By combining cytological observations with gene expression profiles, I developed a model for gall development that is based on atypical expression of normal fruit and seed developmental pathways. Similar gene expression in a second gall induced by Janetiella brevicauda suggests that ectopic induction of fruit and seed development by galling insects may be a general mechanism for insect gall development.
590 $a School code: 0176.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Plant Pathology. $3 1028950
650 4 $a Biology, Entomology. $3 1018619
650 4 $a Biology, Plant Physiology. $3 1017865
690 $a 0353
690 $a 0480
690 $a 0817
710 2 $a The Pennsylvania State University. $3 699896
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 70-01B.
790 $a 0176
790 1 0 $a Ma, Hong, $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Schultz, Jack, $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3343730