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Lipid microdomains are involved in a...

Clemson University., Biological Sciences.

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Lipid microdomains are involved in adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to host extracellular matrix components.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Lipid microdomains are involved in adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to host extracellular matrix components./
Author:	Mittal, Kriti.
Description:	71 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Lesly Temesvari.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International46-01.
Subject:	Biology, Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1445837
ISBN:	9780549150138

Lipid microdomains are involved in adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to host extracellular matrix components.
Mittal, Kriti.

Lipid microdomains are involved in adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to host extracellular matrix components. - 71 p.

Adviser: Lesly Temesvari.

Thesis (M.S.)--Clemson University, 2007.

Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic human protozoan that infects 500,000,000 people worldwide annually. In the course of the parasite's life cycle, motile trophozoites breach the colonic mucosa, invade through the epithelial layer and extracellular matrix (ECM) and occasionally disseminate through portal blood vessels to distant organs. Membrane rafts are small heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched domains whose functional significance entails compartmentalization of cellular processes and regulation of cellular signaling. Recent studies reveal the physiological role of membrane rafts in adhesion to host epithelium in E. histolytica . In the current study we examined the role of lipid rafts in adhesion of trophozoites to host ECM components, collagen and fibronectin. A high throughput fluorescence based assay was developed to assess parasitic adhesion to commercial collagen type I- and fibronectin-coated microtiter plates. Disruption of membrane rafts by treatment with a cholesterol extracting agent, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD), resulted in inhibition of adhesion to ECM. Replenishment of cholesterol by treatment with a lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrate (LCC) restored adhesion. Confocal microscopy, using fluorescent lipid analogs, revealed enrichment of lipids at the parasite-ECM interface. The galactose inhibitable Gal/GalNAc lectin is a glycoprotein on E. histolytica that is a known resident of lipid rafts and mediates adhesion to host cells. Adhesion to collagen was observed to decline in the presence of galactose, suggesting a role for the Gal/GalNAc lectin as a putative receptor mediating adhesion to collagen. On the other hand, adhesion to fibronectin was not impaired by galactose, suggesting that the Gal/GalNAc lectin is not involved in adhesion of E. histolytica to fibronectin. This study has offered new insight into the molecular mechanisms of adhesion, which is important to the pathogenesis of amoebiasis. Such insight may lead to the development of innovative therapeutic modalities and vaccines.

ISBN: 9780549150138Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

Lipid microdomains are involved in adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to host extracellular matrix components.
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035 $a (UMI)AAI1445837
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100 1 $a Mittal, Kriti. $3 1017888
245 1 0 $a Lipid microdomains are involved in adhesion of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to host extracellular matrix components.
300 $a 71 p.
500 $a Adviser: Lesly Temesvari.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 46-01, page: 0263.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--Clemson University, 2007.
520 $a Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic human protozoan that infects 500,000,000 people worldwide annually. In the course of the parasite's life cycle, motile trophozoites breach the colonic mucosa, invade through the epithelial layer and extracellular matrix (ECM) and occasionally disseminate through portal blood vessels to distant organs. Membrane rafts are small heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched domains whose functional significance entails compartmentalization of cellular processes and regulation of cellular signaling. Recent studies reveal the physiological role of membrane rafts in adhesion to host epithelium in E. histolytica . In the current study we examined the role of lipid rafts in adhesion of trophozoites to host ECM components, collagen and fibronectin. A high throughput fluorescence based assay was developed to assess parasitic adhesion to commercial collagen type I- and fibronectin-coated microtiter plates. Disruption of membrane rafts by treatment with a cholesterol extracting agent, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD), resulted in inhibition of adhesion to ECM. Replenishment of cholesterol by treatment with a lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrate (LCC) restored adhesion. Confocal microscopy, using fluorescent lipid analogs, revealed enrichment of lipids at the parasite-ECM interface. The galactose inhibitable Gal/GalNAc lectin is a glycoprotein on E. histolytica that is a known resident of lipid rafts and mediates adhesion to host cells. Adhesion to collagen was observed to decline in the presence of galactose, suggesting a role for the Gal/GalNAc lectin as a putative receptor mediating adhesion to collagen. On the other hand, adhesion to fibronectin was not impaired by galactose, suggesting that the Gal/GalNAc lectin is not involved in adhesion of E. histolytica to fibronectin. This study has offered new insight into the molecular mechanisms of adhesion, which is important to the pathogenesis of amoebiasis. Such insight may lead to the development of innovative therapeutic modalities and vaccines.
590 $a School code: 0050.
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
690 $a 0410
710 2 $a Clemson University. $b Biological Sciences. $3 1017887
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 46-01.
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790 1 0 $a Paul, Kimberly $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Scott, Thomas $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Temesvari, Lesly, $e advisor
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1445837