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Joe Celko's thinking in sets = auxil...
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  • Joe Celko's thinking in sets = auxiliary, temporal, and virtual tables in SQL /
  • 紀錄類型: 書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
    正題名/作者: Joe Celko's thinking in sets/ Joe Celko.
    其他題名: auxiliary, temporal, and virtual tables in SQL /
    其他題名: Thinking in sets
    作者: Celko, Joe.
    出版者: Amsterdam ;Elsevier / Morgan Kaufmann, : c2008.,
    面頁冊數: xv, 362 p. :ill. ;24 cm.
    附註: Includes index.
    叢書名: The Morgan Kaufmann series in data management systems
    內容註: Table of Contents -- Preface xvii -- 1 SQL Is Declarative, Not Procedural -- 1.1 Different Programming Models -- 1.2 Different Data Models -- 1.2.1 Columns Are Not Fields -- 1.2.2 Rows Are Not Records -- 1.2.3 Tables Are Not Files -- 1.2.4 Relational Keys Are Not Record Locators -- 1.2.5 Kinds of Keys -- 1.2.6 Desirable Properties of Relational Keys -- 1.2.7 Unique But Not Invariant -- 1.3 Tables as Entities -- 1.4 Tables as Relationships -- 1.5 Statements Are Not Procedures -- 1.6 Molecular, Atomic, and Subatomic Data Elements -- 1.6.1 Table Splitting -- 1.6.2 Column Splitting -- 1.6.3 Temporal Splitting -- 1.6.4 Faking Non-1NF Data -- 1.6.5 Molecular Data Elements -- 1.6.6 Isomer Data Elements -- 1.6.7 Validating a Molecule -- 2 Hardware, Data Volume, and Maintaining Databases -- 2.1 Parallelism -- 2.2 Cheap Main Storage -- 2.3 Solid-State Disk -- 2.4 Cheaper Secondary and Tertiary Storage -- 2.5 The Data Changed -- 2.6 The Mindset Has Not Changed -- 3 Data Access and Records -- 3.1 Sequential Access -- 3.1.1 Tape-Searching Algorithms -- 3.2 Indexes -- 3.2.1 Single-Table Indexes -- 3.2.2 Multiple-Table Indexes -- 3.2.3 Type of Indexes -- 3.3 Hashing -- 3.3.1 Digit Selection -- 3.3.2 Division Hashing -- 3.3.3 Multiplication Hashing -- 3.3.4 Folding -- 3.3.5 Table Lookups -- 3.3.6 Collisions -- 3.4 Bit Vector Indexes -- 3.5 Parallel Access -- 3.6 Row and Column Storage -- 3.6.1 Row-Based Storage -- 3.6.2 Column-Based Storage -- 3.7 JOIN Algorithms -- 3.7.1 Nested-Loop Join Algorithm -- 3.7.2 Sort-Merge Join Method -- 3.7.3 Hash Join Method -- 3.7.4 Shins Algorithm -- 4 Lookup Tables -- 4.1 Data Element Names -- 4.2 Multiparameter Lookup Tables -- 4.3 Constants Table -- 4.4 OTLT or MUCK Table Problems -- 4.5 Defi nition of a Proper Table -- -- 5 Auxiliary Tables -- 5.1 Sequence Table -- 5.1.1 Creating a Sequence Table -- 5.1.2 Sequence Constructor -- 5.1.3 Replacing an Iterative Loop -- 5.2 Permutations -- 5.2.1 Permutations via Recursion -- 5.2.2 Permutations via CROSS JOIN -- 5.3 Functions -- 5.3.1 Functions without a Simple Formula -- 5.4 Encryption via Tables -- 5.5 Random Numbers -- 5.6 Interpolation -- 6 Views -- 6.1 Mullins VIEW Usage Rules -- 6.1.1 Effi cient Access and Computations -- 6.1.2 Column Renaming -- 6.1.3 Proliferation Avoidance -- 6.1.4 The VIEW Synchronization Rule -- 6.2 Updatable and Read-Only VIEWs -- 6.3 Types of VIEWs -- 6.3.1 Single-Table Projection and Restriction -- 6.3.2 Calculated Columns -- 6.3.3 Translated Columns -- 6.3.4 Grouped VIEWs -- 6.3.5 UNIONed VIEWs -- 6.3.6 JOINs in VIEWs -- 6.3.7 Nested VIEWs -- 6.4 Modeling Classes with Tables -- 6.4.1 Class Hierarchies in SQL -- 6.4.2 Subclasses via ASSERTIONs and TRIGGERs -- 6.5 How VIEWs Are Handled in the Database System -- 6.5.1 VIEW Column List -- 6.5.2 VIEW Materialization -- 6.6 In-Line Text Expansion -- 6.7 WITH CHECK OPTION Clause -- 6.7.1 WITH CHECK OPTION as CHECK( ) Clause -- 6.8 Dropping VIEWs -- 6.9 Outdated Uses for VIEWs -- 6.9.1 Domain Support -- 6.9.2 Table Expression VIEWs -- 6.9.3 VIEWs for Table Level CHECK( ) Constraints -- 6.9.4 One VIEW per Base Table -- 7 Virtual Tables -- 7.1 Derived Tables -- 7.1.1 Column Naming Rules -- 7.1.2 Scoping Rules -- 7.1.3 Exposed Table Names -- 7.1.4 LATERAL() Clause -- 7.2 Common Table Expressions -- 7.2.1 Nonrecursive CTEs -- 7.2.2 Recursive CTEs -- 7.3 Temporary Tables -- 7.3.1 ANSI/ISO Standards -- 7.3.2 Vendors Models -- 7.4 The Information Schema -- 7.4.1 The INFORMATION_SCHEMA Declarations -- 7.4.2 A Quick List of VIEWS and Their Purposes -- 7.4.3 DOMAIN Declarations -- 7.4.4 Defi nition Schema -- 7.4.5 INFORMATION_SCHEMA Assertions -- 8 Complicated Functions via Tables -- 8.1 Functions without a Simple Formula -- 8.1.1 Encryption via Tables -- 8.2 Check Digits via Tables -- 8.2.1 Check Digits Defi ned -- 8.2.2 Error Detection versus Error Correction -- 8.3 Classes of Algorithms -- 8.3.1 Weighted-Sum Algorithms -- 8.3.2 Power-Sum Check Digits -- 8.3.3 Luhn Algorithm -- 8.3.4 Dihedral Five Check Digit -- 8.4 Declarations, Not Functions, Not Procedures -- 8.5 Data Mining for Auxiliary Tables -- 9 Temporal Tables -- 9.1 The Nature of Time -- 9.1.1 Durations, Not Chronons -- 9.1.2 Granularity -- 9.2 The ISO Half-Open Interval Model -- 9.2.1 Use of NULL for Eternity -- 9.2.2 Single Timestamp Tables -- 9.2.3 Overlapping Intervals -- 9.3 State Transition Tables -- 9.4 Consolidating Intervals -- 9.4.1 Cursors and Triggers -- 9.4.2 OLAP Function Solution -- 9.4.3 CTE Solution -- 9.5 Calendar Tables -- 9.5.1 Day of Week via Tables -- 9.5.2 Holiday Lists -- 9.5.3 Report Periods -- 9.5.4 Self-Updating Views -- 9.6 History Tables -- 9.6.1 Audit Trails -- 10 Scrubbing Data with Non-1NF Tables -- 10.1 Repeated Groups -- 10.1.1 Sorting within a Repeated Group -- 10.2 Designing Scrubbing Tables -- 10.3 Scrubbing Constraints -- 10.4 Calendar Scrubs -- 10.4.1 Special Dates -- 10.5 String Scrubbing -- 10.6 Sharing SQL Data -- 10.6.1 A Look at Data Evolution -- 10.6.2 Databases -- 10.7 Extract, Transform, and Load Products -- 10.7.1 Loading Data Warehouses -- 10.7.2 Doing It All in SQL -- 10.7.3 Extract, Load, and then Transform -- 11 Thinking in SQL -- 11.1 Warm-up Exercises -- 11.1.1 The Whole and Not the Parts -- 11.1.2 Characteristic Functions -- 11.1.3 Locking into a Solution Early -- 11.2 Heuristics -- 11.2.1 Put the Specification into a Clear Statement -- 11.2.2 Add the Words Set of All in Front of the Nouns -- 11.2.3 Remove Active Verbs from the Problem Statement -- 11.2.4 You Can Still Use Stubs -- 11.2.5 Do Not Worry about Displaying the Data -- 11.2.6 Your First Attempts Need Special Handling -- 11.2.7 Do Not Be Afraid to Throw Away Your First Attempts at DDL -- 11.2.8 Save Your First Attempts at DML -- 11.2.9 Do Not Think with Boxes and Arrows -- 11.2.10 Draw Circles and Set Diagrams -- 11.2.11 Learn Your Dialect -- 11.2.12 Imagine that Your WHERE Clause Is Super Amoeba -- 11.2.13 Use the Newsgroups, Blogs, and Internet -- 11.3 Do Not Use BIT or BOOLEAN Flags in SQL -- 11.3.1 Flags Are at the Wrong Level -- 11.3.2 Flags Confuse Proper Attributes -- 12 Group Characteristics -- 12.1 Grouping Is Not Equality -- 12.2 Using Groups without Looking Inside -- 12.2.1 Semiset-Oriented Approach -- 12.2.2 Grouped Solutions -- 12.2.3 Aggregated Solutions -- 12.3 Grouping over Time -- 12.3.1 Piece-by-Piece Solution -- 12.3.2 Data as a Whole Solution -- 12.4 Other Tricks with HAVING Clauses -- 12.5 Groupings, Rollups, and Cubes -- 12.5.1 GROUPING SET Clause -- 12.5.2 The ROLLUP Clause -- 12.5.3 The CUBE Clause -- 12.5.4 A Footnote about Super Grouping -- 12.6 The WINDOW Clause -- 12.6.1 The PARTITION BY Clause -- 12.6.2 The ORDER BY Clause -- 12.6.3 The RANGE Clause -- 12.6.4 Programming Tricks -- 13 Turning Specifications into Code -- 13.1 Signs of Bad SQL -- 13.1.1 Is the Code Formatted Like Another Language? -- 13.1.2 Assuming Sequential Access -- 13.1.3 Cursors -- 13.1.4 Poor Cohesion -- 13.1.5 Table-Valued Functions -- 13.1.6 Multiple Names for the Same Data Element -- 13.1.7 Formatting in the Database -- 13.1.8 Keeping Dates in Strings -- 13.1.9 BIT Flags, BOOLEAN, and Other Computed Columns -- 13.1.10 Attribute Splitting Across Columns -- 13.1.11 Attribute Splitting Across Rows -- 13.1.12 Attribute Splitting Across Tables -- 13.2 Methods of Attack -- 13.2.1 Cursor-Based Solution -- 13.2.2 Semiset-Oriented Approach -- 13.2.3 Pure Set-Oriented Approach -- 13.2.4 Advantages of Set-Oriented Code -- 13.3 Translating Vague Specifications -- 13.3.1 Go Back to the DDL -- 13.3.2 Changing Specifications -- 14 Using Procedure and Function Calls -- 14.1 Clearing out Spaces in a String -- 14.1.1 Procedural Solution #1 -- 14.1.2 Functional Solution #1 -- 14.1.3 Functional Solution #2 -- 14.2 The PRD( ) Aggregate Function -- 14.3 Long Parameter Lists in Procedures and Functions -- 14.3.1 The IN( ) Predicate Parameter Lists -- 15 Numbering Rows -- 15.1 Procedural Solutions -- 15.1.1 Reordering on a Numbering Column -- 15.2 OLAP Functions -- 15.2.1 Simple Row Numbering -- 15.2.2 RANK( ) and DENSE_RANK( ) -- 15.3 Sections -- -- 16 Keeping Computed Data -- 16.1 Procedural Solution -- 16.2 Relational Solution -- 16.3 Other Kinds of Computed Data -- 17 Triggers for Constraints -- 17.1 Triggers for Computations -- 17.2 Complex Constraints via CHECK( ) and CASE Constraints -- 17.3 Complex Constraints via VIEWs -- 17.3.1 Set-Oriented Solutions -- 17.4 Operations on VIEWs as Constraints -- 17.4.1 The Basic Three Operations -- 17.4.2 WITH CHECK OPTION Clause -- 17.4.3 WITH CHECK OPTION as CHECK( ) clause -- 17.4.4 How VIEWs Behave -- 17.4.5 UNIONed VIEWs -- 17.4.6 Simple INSTEAD OF Triggers -- 17.4.7 Warnings about INSTEAD OF Triggers -- 18 Procedural and Data Driven Solutions -- 18.1 Removing Letters in a String -- 18.1.1 The Procedural Solution -- 18.1.2 Pure SQL Solution -- 18.1.3 Impure SQL Solution -- 18.2 Two Approaches to Sudoku -- 18.2.1 Procedural Approach -- 18.2.2 Data-Driven Approach -- 18.2.3 Handling the Given Digits -- 18.3 Data Constraint Approach -- 18.4 Bin Packing Problems -- 18.4.1 The Procedural Approach -- 18.4.2 The SQL Approach -- 18.5 Inventory Costs over Time -- 18.5.1 Inventory UPDATE Statements -- 18.5.2 Bin Packing Returns -- Index.
    內容註: SQL is declarative, not procedural -- Auxiliary tables -- Temporal tables -- Virtual tables -- Auxiliary tables -- Views -- Virtual tables -- Complicated functions via tables -- Temporal tables -- Scrubbing data with non-1nf tables -- Thinking in SQL -- Group characteristics -- Turning specifications into code -- Using procedure and function calls -- Numbering rows -- Keeping computed data -- Triggers for constraints -- Procedural and data-driven solutions.
    標題: Declarative programming. -
    電子資源: http://www.engineeringvillage.com/controller/servlet/OpenURL?genre=book&isbn=9780123741370An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click for information
    電子資源: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780123741370An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click for information
    ISBN: 0123741378
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