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Interactions Between Sediment Mechan...

Clemo, William Cyrus Roger.

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Interactions Between Sediment Mechanical Structure and Infaunal Community Structure Following Physical Disturbance.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Interactions Between Sediment Mechanical Structure and Infaunal Community Structure Following Physical Disturbance./
Author:	Clemo, William Cyrus Roger.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
Description:	230 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-05B.
Subject:	Environmental science. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30693086
ISBN:	9798380841115

Interactions Between Sediment Mechanical Structure and Infaunal Community Structure Following Physical Disturbance.
Clemo, William Cyrus Roger.

Interactions Between Sediment Mechanical Structure and Infaunal Community Structure Following Physical Disturbance. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 230 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Alabama, 2023.

Shallow, river-influenced coastal sediments are important for global carbon storage and nutrient cycling and provide a habitat for diverse communities of invertebrates (infauna). Elevated bed shear stress from extreme storms can resuspend, transport, and deposit sediments, disrupting the cohesive structure of muds, and sorting and depositing sand eroded from beaches. These physical disruptions can also resuspend or smother infauna, decreasing abundances and changing community structure. Infaunal activities such as burrowing, tube construction, and feeding can impact sediment structure and stability. However, little is known about how physical disturbance impacts short and long-term sediment habitat suitability and whether disturbance-tolerant infauna influence sediment restabilization and community recovery. This dissertation investigated how infaunal communities recover following physical disturbance. Temporal changes to the geological and geotechnical structure of muds following manipulated resuspension were assessed in a laboratory experiment. Growth of small-bodied infauna delayed sediment restabilization by increasing erosion and reducing sediment bulk density but increasing cohesion. The remainder of this dissertation investigated short and long-term changes to infaunal community and sediment structure at 5-20 m depths in the northern Gulf of Mexico following Hurricanes Sally and Zeta (2020). A field survey was conducted to assess sediment structure and infaunal community structure before and after the storms. Substantial site-to-site variability in post-storm sediment property changes was consistent with flow interactions driven by local bathymetry leading to sand transport to some sites and near-surface fine sediment loss or little change at other sites. However, despite the variability in hurricane-induced sedimentary changes and persistence of post-storm impacts 8 months after Sally, there were few direct impacts on infaunal abundance, diversity, or community similarity that were consistent with the magnitude of sedimentary change. The lack of direct storm impacts to infauna may have resulted from a combination of pre-Sally disturbances, seasonal infaunal dynamics, and most taxa being tolerant of dynamic river-influenced coastal sediments. Linking infaunal community structure and sediment structure changes over time after extreme storms is important for understanding sediment stability and transport dynamics in frequently disturbed coastal sediments, especially because storm intensity is expected to increase with climate change.

ISBN: 9798380841115Subjects--Topical Terms:

677245
Environmental science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Disturbance

Interactions Between Sediment Mechanical Structure and Infaunal Community Structure Following Physical Disturbance.
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245 1 0 $a Interactions Between Sediment Mechanical Structure and Infaunal Community Structure Following Physical Disturbance.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2023
300 $a 230 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Dorgan, Kelly M.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Alabama, 2023.
520 $a Shallow, river-influenced coastal sediments are important for global carbon storage and nutrient cycling and provide a habitat for diverse communities of invertebrates (infauna). Elevated bed shear stress from extreme storms can resuspend, transport, and deposit sediments, disrupting the cohesive structure of muds, and sorting and depositing sand eroded from beaches. These physical disruptions can also resuspend or smother infauna, decreasing abundances and changing community structure. Infaunal activities such as burrowing, tube construction, and feeding can impact sediment structure and stability. However, little is known about how physical disturbance impacts short and long-term sediment habitat suitability and whether disturbance-tolerant infauna influence sediment restabilization and community recovery. This dissertation investigated how infaunal communities recover following physical disturbance. Temporal changes to the geological and geotechnical structure of muds following manipulated resuspension were assessed in a laboratory experiment. Growth of small-bodied infauna delayed sediment restabilization by increasing erosion and reducing sediment bulk density but increasing cohesion. The remainder of this dissertation investigated short and long-term changes to infaunal community and sediment structure at 5-20 m depths in the northern Gulf of Mexico following Hurricanes Sally and Zeta (2020). A field survey was conducted to assess sediment structure and infaunal community structure before and after the storms. Substantial site-to-site variability in post-storm sediment property changes was consistent with flow interactions driven by local bathymetry leading to sand transport to some sites and near-surface fine sediment loss or little change at other sites. However, despite the variability in hurricane-induced sedimentary changes and persistence of post-storm impacts 8 months after Sally, there were few direct impacts on infaunal abundance, diversity, or community similarity that were consistent with the magnitude of sedimentary change. The lack of direct storm impacts to infauna may have resulted from a combination of pre-Sally disturbances, seasonal infaunal dynamics, and most taxa being tolerant of dynamic river-influenced coastal sediments. Linking infaunal community structure and sediment structure changes over time after extreme storms is important for understanding sediment stability and transport dynamics in frequently disturbed coastal sediments, especially because storm intensity is expected to increase with climate change.
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650 4 $a Marine geology. $3 3173821
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
653 $a Disturbance
653 $a Erodibility
653 $a Hurricane Sally
653 $a Infauna
653 $a Sediment cohesion
653 $a Sediment grain size
690 $a 0768
690 $a 0556
690 $a 0329
710 2 $a University of South Alabama. $b College of Arts and Sciences. $3 2095478
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 85-05B.
790 $a 0491
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2023
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30693086