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Screening for functional decline in ...

Chaves, Paulo Henrique de Mendonca.

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Screening for functional decline in older adults and implications for prevention of early physical disability.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Screening for functional decline in older adults and implications for prevention of early physical disability./
Author:	Chaves, Paulo Henrique de Mendonca.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2001,
Description:	200 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 62-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International62-09B.
Subject:	Public health. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9993081
ISBN:	9780493003863

Screening for functional decline in older adults and implications for prevention of early physical disability.
Chaves, Paulo Henrique de Mendonca.

Screening for functional decline in older adults and implications for prevention of early physical disability. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2001 - 200 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 62-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2001.

Physical disability is a major public health concern because it has a tremendous negative impact on the quality of life of older individuals and their families, as well as it is associated with increased social and health care needs. Given the significant increase in life expectancy in the twentieth century and the observed and projected growing of the older segments of the population, the burden of physical disability is expected to remain substantial through the next century. In this context, physical disability prevention assumes a pivotal role in ageing populations. Broadly, this dissertation addresses key epidemiologic issues that are relevant for the ultimate development of effective interventions to forestall the cascade of functional decline at early disability stages. Specifically, we focused on the screening of older adults for identification of those at-risk of early physical disability and explored novel preventive approaches. Three manuscripts are presented in this dissertation. The first two are reports of a prospective and a cross-sectional studies (n = 266 and n = 429, respectively) using data from the Women's Health and Aging Study II. They both addressed methodological and clinical issues regarding screening of older adults for stratification of the risk for early physical disability. The third is a qualitative study aimed at describing the compensatory strategies employed by community-dwelling older women for performance of daily tasks and explore their impact on physical functioning. The first study presented nomograms for prediction of the risk of incident mobility disability from three simple measures: self-report of employment of compensatory strategies, one-leg stance balance and walking speed. The second study showed evidence for a hierarchy structure ordering seven self-reported measures of mobility disability into four levels of increasing functional decline. Findings from the third manuscript suggested that employment of compensatory strategies might serve as the basis for the development of an adaptive training program for postponement of progression from preclinical to early physical disability. Prevention of physical disability is a major goal of aging-related public health research. Hopefully, the work presented here will contribute to the development of better and innovative methods for screening and prevention of early physical disability in older adults.

ISBN: 9780493003863Subjects--Topical Terms:

534748
Public health.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Elderly

Screening for functional decline in older adults and implications for prevention of early physical disability.
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520 $a Physical disability is a major public health concern because it has a tremendous negative impact on the quality of life of older individuals and their families, as well as it is associated with increased social and health care needs. Given the significant increase in life expectancy in the twentieth century and the observed and projected growing of the older segments of the population, the burden of physical disability is expected to remain substantial through the next century. In this context, physical disability prevention assumes a pivotal role in ageing populations. Broadly, this dissertation addresses key epidemiologic issues that are relevant for the ultimate development of effective interventions to forestall the cascade of functional decline at early disability stages. Specifically, we focused on the screening of older adults for identification of those at-risk of early physical disability and explored novel preventive approaches. Three manuscripts are presented in this dissertation. The first two are reports of a prospective and a cross-sectional studies (n = 266 and n = 429, respectively) using data from the Women's Health and Aging Study II. They both addressed methodological and clinical issues regarding screening of older adults for stratification of the risk for early physical disability. The third is a qualitative study aimed at describing the compensatory strategies employed by community-dwelling older women for performance of daily tasks and explore their impact on physical functioning. The first study presented nomograms for prediction of the risk of incident mobility disability from three simple measures: self-report of employment of compensatory strategies, one-leg stance balance and walking speed. The second study showed evidence for a hierarchy structure ordering seven self-reported measures of mobility disability into four levels of increasing functional decline. Findings from the third manuscript suggested that employment of compensatory strategies might serve as the basis for the development of an adaptive training program for postponement of progression from preclinical to early physical disability. Prevention of physical disability is a major goal of aging-related public health research. Hopefully, the work presented here will contribute to the development of better and innovative methods for screening and prevention of early physical disability in older adults.
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