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Environmentally Acquired Resistance : = Arsenic Affecting Natural Selection on Plant Defenses and Competitive Ability.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Environmentally Acquired Resistance :/
其他題名:	Arsenic Affecting Natural Selection on Plant Defenses and Competitive Ability.
作者:	Ruesch, Joseph MacKenzie.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (106 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-12B.
標題:	Analytical chemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28962610click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798819379646

Environmentally Acquired Resistance : = Arsenic Affecting Natural Selection on Plant Defenses and Competitive Ability.
Ruesch, Joseph MacKenzie.

Environmentally Acquired Resistance :Arsenic Affecting Natural Selection on Plant Defenses and Competitive Ability. - 1 online resource (106 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Environmental toxins, such as toxic metals and metalloids, can affect basic life functions in fundamentally different organisms and so affect the outcome of ecological interactions, community, and ecosystem dynamics. For example, some metalloids, such as arsenic (As) can affect both the physiology of primary producers (e.g. plants) as well as that of their consumers (e.g. herbivores). In plant-insect interactions, As can affect the outcome of the interaction in two ways: through plant sequestration of As from the environment and thus exposure of consumer guilds to the toxin, or through As-induced stress responses that affect defense-related plant secondary metabolite production and so the plant's resistance to herbivores. In this thesis, I test the hypothesis that As, sequestered by plants from the surrounding soil, functions as an environmentally acquired resistance and thus affects the plants' evolution of plant endogenous chemical defenses. Studies included a survey on a field containing a natural gradient of As contamination, and experiments measuring the response to natural selection by putting plants from different As environments into common gardens and measuring plant chemical defense traits, competitive ability, and elemental composition. In support of the environmentally acquired resistance hypothesis, plants grown on high-As contaminated soils receive less damage than plants on low-As soils and have increased plant defensive compound production. It is also seen that high-As genotypes, when removed from As, show increased growth and competitive ability, while having decreased endogenous chemical defenses. This suggests that herbivory differentially selected on plant defense and competitive ability as a function of the spatial distribution of soil As concentrations in the landscape. This selection has resulted in a reduction of endogenous defense traits and a reallocation of resources into increased competitive ability. Finally, elemental analysis discovered a high-As genotypic increase in As/Phosphorus uptake ratio that implies a selection for increased environmentally acquired resistance. Based on these findings, it can be extrapolated that any environmental contaminant that can affect plant resistance and functions as an environmentally acquired resistance trait can potentially affect the evolution of plant endogenous resistance and thus contribute to the spatial genetic structure of populations as well as community dynamics.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798819379646Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168300
Analytical chemistry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

ArsenicIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Environmentally Acquired Resistance : = Arsenic Affecting Natural Selection on Plant Defenses and Competitive Ability.
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653 $a Tolerance
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