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Diet, parasitism, and anemia in the prehistoric Southwest.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Diet, parasitism, and anemia in the prehistoric Southwest./
作者:	Reinhard, Karl Jan.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (215 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 51-03, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International51-03A.
標題:	Physical anthropology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=8913432click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798206422351

Diet, parasitism, and anemia in the prehistoric Southwest.
Reinhard, Karl Jan.

Diet, parasitism, and anemia in the prehistoric Southwest. - 1 online resource (215 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 51-03, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas A&M University, 1988.

Includes bibliographical references

The primary goal of this study is the demonstration of the utility of parasitological data retrieved from coprolites in documenting prehistoric infectious disease. The study focuses on levels of infection of two subsistence types, hunting-gathering and agriculture. Analysis of differences between the two types, and of variation of parasitism between sites of the same type, are presented. It is demonstrated that parasitism was more common among hunter-gatherers than agricultural populations. Parasitism is shown to have been mediated by ecology and human behavior among agricultural sites. A second goal is the integration of parasitological data with evidence of pathology derived from skeletal analysis. The parasitological data correlate well with skeletal data relating to anemia and suggest that parasitological analysis can complement osteological analysis when approaching questions of prehistoric health. The study demonstrates the value of parasitological data in the general rubric of bioarchaeology. Dietary data are evaluated with respect to the maize dependency hypothesis of iron deficiency anemia. A long tradition of dietary specialization among Archaic hunter-gatherers is documented which led to dietary specialization on cultivated crops in agricultural times. However, dependence on agricultural foods is highly variable and can not account for prehistoric anemia alone. The various analyses demonstrate the power of incorporating dietary, parasitological and osseous pathology data in assessing health of prehistoric peoples. Specific contributions of the study are the elucidation of parasitism among dilute hunter-gatherer bands and concentrated populations of agricultural people. It is shown that zoonotic infection was common among both groups, but that the advent of agriculture resulted in an increase of human specific parasitism. The increase in human specific parasitism resulted from poor hygienic conditions, sedentism and population aggregation. However, it is clear that local ecology, excreta disposal systems, and foraging behavior at certain agricultural sites reduced the level of parasitism. Thus, both ecology and social adaptation are documented as lowering the impact of parasitism.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798206422351Subjects--Topical Terms:

518358
Physical anthropology.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Diet, parasitism, and anemia in the prehistoric Southwest.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The primary goal of this study is the demonstration of the utility of parasitological data retrieved from coprolites in documenting prehistoric infectious disease. The study focuses on levels of infection of two subsistence types, hunting-gathering and agriculture. Analysis of differences between the two types, and of variation of parasitism between sites of the same type, are presented. It is demonstrated that parasitism was more common among hunter-gatherers than agricultural populations. Parasitism is shown to have been mediated by ecology and human behavior among agricultural sites. A second goal is the integration of parasitological data with evidence of pathology derived from skeletal analysis. The parasitological data correlate well with skeletal data relating to anemia and suggest that parasitological analysis can complement osteological analysis when approaching questions of prehistoric health. The study demonstrates the value of parasitological data in the general rubric of bioarchaeology. Dietary data are evaluated with respect to the maize dependency hypothesis of iron deficiency anemia. A long tradition of dietary specialization among Archaic hunter-gatherers is documented which led to dietary specialization on cultivated crops in agricultural times. However, dependence on agricultural foods is highly variable and can not account for prehistoric anemia alone. The various analyses demonstrate the power of incorporating dietary, parasitological and osseous pathology data in assessing health of prehistoric peoples. Specific contributions of the study are the elucidation of parasitism among dilute hunter-gatherer bands and concentrated populations of agricultural people. It is shown that zoonotic infection was common among both groups, but that the advent of agriculture resulted in an increase of human specific parasitism. The increase in human specific parasitism resulted from poor hygienic conditions, sedentism and population aggregation. However, it is clear that local ecology, excreta disposal systems, and foraging behavior at certain agricultural sites reduced the level of parasitism. Thus, both ecology and social adaptation are documented as lowering the impact of parasitism.
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