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Design and Control of a Wind Turbine Blade with an Actively Variable Twist Angle Distribution.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Design and Control of a Wind Turbine Blade with an Actively Variable Twist Angle Distribution./
作者:	Khakpour Nejadkhaki, Hamid.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (161 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-09B.
標題:	Mechanical engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13427642click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780438945586

Design and Control of a Wind Turbine Blade with an Actively Variable Twist Angle Distribution.
Khakpour Nejadkhaki, Hamid.

Design and Control of a Wind Turbine Blade with an Actively Variable Twist Angle Distribution. - 1 online resource (161 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2019.

Includes bibliographical references

Wind is the largest source of new green energy and is expected to remain so. This is due to a variety of concerns, such as oil price volatility and global warming. In its current state, wind can produce electrical energy at a cost that is comparable to that of natural gas. Still, the technology must improve to compete with other energy resources and to meet the growing demand. Wind turbines are also growing in size since larger wind turbines produce electrical energy at the lowest cost per kilowatt. Nevertheless, the current infrastructure and manufacturing techniques have limitations that hinder the production of large systems. Challenges with transportation, manufacturing, assembly, and disposal of wind turbine blades impede the installation of new megawatt-scale wind turbines. These problems are recognized by entities such as the International Energy Agency and the United States Department of Energy, who point out the need for new rotor architecture and control capabilities. Accordingly, a new additively manufactured blade concept is devised. The use of this process enables innovative design techniques, such as topology optimization, which can be applied to create lightweight blades. Additive manufacture also introduces new materials, including those that may be recycled, thus mitigating the need for disposal. The process could also facilitate on-site production, thereby alleviating the need for transporting large blades on highways. Another benefit of the freeform manufacturing process is ability to create complex geometry the enables integrated features. An example of this is the capacity to create a structure that has variable stiffness. Applying this technique to structures enables out-of-plane (twisting) shape-transformation to a prescribed geometry. This is the impetus for a wind turbine blade with an adaptive variable twist. Accordingly, the topic of this work is the design and control of a wind turbine blade with active-variable twist angle. In this approach the twist angle distribution (TAD) is controlled in relation to wind speed. This capability can improve partial-load efficiency and reduce drivetrain loads that promote fatigue. To realize these benefits it is necessary to determine the optimal TAD geometry across a range of wind speeds in the partial-load region. A physical embodiment must also be devised through a mechanical design. This step is challenging since the blade must conform to the wide range of TAD. Finally, a control framework must be implemented to adjust the TAD during operation. A concept for a flexible blade with an active TAD has been devised at part of this work. The proposed blade consists of a rigid spar with flexible modular segments that form the surrounding shells. The segments are additively manufactured. A modeling framework is presented to analyze this blade as it is subjected to an out-of-plane transformation. The framework utilizes a variety of software tools, such as AeroDyn, MATLAB, ABAQUS, and XFOIL. It also employs the use of parallel computing and and dynamic programming to manage the computational expense required to solve the problem. In the first step, the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) AeroDyn software is combined with a genetic algorithm solver to define the theoretical TAD as a function of wind speed. The TAD that produces that highest efficiency is selected. The procedure is repeated for a series of points that form a discrete range of wind speeds. This step establishes the full range of blade transformations. The TAD geometry establishes the requirements for the physical design, which are addressed through the mechanical design model. Here, an optimization problem minimizes the difference between the practical and theoretical TAD over the full range of transformations. In doing so, it establishes (1) the compliance of individual blade segments and (2) the locations of the internal actuators that deform the blade to a desired TAD. Given the aerodynamic and mechanical design results, the optimal free shape of the blade is determined as part of the control problem. The selection minimizes the structural deformation, and thus the required actuation energy. An algorithm to control the actuators movement is devised base on the selected optimal free shape and wind speed. The strength of the proposed framework is studied through a simulation model. The wind turbine model is constructed using verified data from the NREL Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment. Wind data measured at 20 different sites are used as input data to the simulation model.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780438945586Subjects--Topical Terms:

649730
Mechanical engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Additive manufacturingIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Design and Control of a Wind Turbine Blade with an Actively Variable Twist Angle Distribution.
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500 $a Advisor: Hall, John F.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Wind is the largest source of new green energy and is expected to remain so. This is due to a variety of concerns, such as oil price volatility and global warming. In its current state, wind can produce electrical energy at a cost that is comparable to that of natural gas. Still, the technology must improve to compete with other energy resources and to meet the growing demand. Wind turbines are also growing in size since larger wind turbines produce electrical energy at the lowest cost per kilowatt. Nevertheless, the current infrastructure and manufacturing techniques have limitations that hinder the production of large systems. Challenges with transportation, manufacturing, assembly, and disposal of wind turbine blades impede the installation of new megawatt-scale wind turbines. These problems are recognized by entities such as the International Energy Agency and the United States Department of Energy, who point out the need for new rotor architecture and control capabilities. Accordingly, a new additively manufactured blade concept is devised. The use of this process enables innovative design techniques, such as topology optimization, which can be applied to create lightweight blades. Additive manufacture also introduces new materials, including those that may be recycled, thus mitigating the need for disposal. The process could also facilitate on-site production, thereby alleviating the need for transporting large blades on highways. Another benefit of the freeform manufacturing process is ability to create complex geometry the enables integrated features. An example of this is the capacity to create a structure that has variable stiffness. Applying this technique to structures enables out-of-plane (twisting) shape-transformation to a prescribed geometry. This is the impetus for a wind turbine blade with an adaptive variable twist. Accordingly, the topic of this work is the design and control of a wind turbine blade with active-variable twist angle. In this approach the twist angle distribution (TAD) is controlled in relation to wind speed. This capability can improve partial-load efficiency and reduce drivetrain loads that promote fatigue. To realize these benefits it is necessary to determine the optimal TAD geometry across a range of wind speeds in the partial-load region. A physical embodiment must also be devised through a mechanical design. This step is challenging since the blade must conform to the wide range of TAD. Finally, a control framework must be implemented to adjust the TAD during operation. A concept for a flexible blade with an active TAD has been devised at part of this work. The proposed blade consists of a rigid spar with flexible modular segments that form the surrounding shells. The segments are additively manufactured. A modeling framework is presented to analyze this blade as it is subjected to an out-of-plane transformation. The framework utilizes a variety of software tools, such as AeroDyn, MATLAB, ABAQUS, and XFOIL. It also employs the use of parallel computing and and dynamic programming to manage the computational expense required to solve the problem. In the first step, the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) AeroDyn software is combined with a genetic algorithm solver to define the theoretical TAD as a function of wind speed. The TAD that produces that highest efficiency is selected. The procedure is repeated for a series of points that form a discrete range of wind speeds. This step establishes the full range of blade transformations. The TAD geometry establishes the requirements for the physical design, which are addressed through the mechanical design model. Here, an optimization problem minimizes the difference between the practical and theoretical TAD over the full range of transformations. In doing so, it establishes (1) the compliance of individual blade segments and (2) the locations of the internal actuators that deform the blade to a desired TAD. Given the aerodynamic and mechanical design results, the optimal free shape of the blade is determined as part of the control problem. The selection minimizes the structural deformation, and thus the required actuation energy. An algorithm to control the actuators movement is devised base on the selected optimal free shape and wind speed. The strength of the proposed framework is studied through a simulation model. The wind turbine model is constructed using verified data from the NREL Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment. Wind data measured at 20 different sites are used as input data to the simulation model.
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650 4 $a Alternative energy. $3 3436775
653 $a Additive manufacturing
653 $a Design optimization and control
653 $a Modular blade
653 $a Morphing blade
653 $a Variable twist
653 $a Wind turbine
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690 $a 0548
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710 2 $a State University of New York at Buffalo. $b Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. $3 1017747
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 80-09B.
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