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Geochronology and Source of Metals and Fluids in Iron Oxide - Apatite and Iron Oxide - Copper -Gold Mineral Deposits.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Geochronology and Source of Metals and Fluids in Iron Oxide - Apatite and Iron Oxide - Copper -Gold Mineral Deposits./
Author:	Mustafa, Maria Alejandra Rodriguez.
Description:	1 online resource (210 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-09B.
Subject:	Geochemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30353358click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798368476285

Geochronology and Source of Metals and Fluids in Iron Oxide - Apatite and Iron Oxide - Copper -Gold Mineral Deposits.
Mustafa, Maria Alejandra Rodriguez.

Geochronology and Source of Metals and Fluids in Iron Oxide - Apatite and Iron Oxide - Copper -Gold Mineral Deposits. - 1 online resource (210 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

As the human population increases and shifts towards low-carbon technologies such as solar panels and electric vehicles, the demand for metals will keep escalating. In consequence, new sources of these materials need to be discovered to develop the infrastructure for the production and storage of renewable energy to meet carbon reduction targets. Iron oxide deposits, in particular iron oxide - apatite (IOA) and iron oxide - copper - gold (IOCG) deposits, contain important amounts of energy-critical elements such as Fe, Cu, U, V, Ni, and Co. Due to their spatial and temporal association with each other, it has been hypothesized that both deposit types are part of the same mineralizing system. To find new mineral deposits, an understanding of how they form must be developed to increase the efficiency of the discovery process. This work integrates innovative geochemical tools to improve our knowledge of the processes that result in the formation of iron oxide deposits.To constrain the sources of the fluids and metals in IOA and IOCG deposits, I focused on the characterization of the mineral magnetite from the Candelaria IOCG deposit and the Quince IOA prospect in Chile and from the Mina Justa IOCG deposit and the Marcona IOA deposit in Peru, as well as the copper sulfides from Mina Justa. The textural characterization and copper isotopes of sulfides are consistent with a high-temperature, magmatic-hydrothermal origin for copper mineralization. Iron, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope data from magnetite support an igneous to magmatic-hydrothermal source for the iron mineralization. Magnetite textures present igneous and magmatic-hydrothermal affinities, and the trace element concentrations indicate more than one generation of magnetite in IOCG deposits and a cooling trend for magnetite at Candelaria, where the deeper portion of the system corresponds to a transitional phase between the shallower IOCG deposit and deeper IOA mineralization. The combined chemical and textural data are consistent with an igneous/magmatic-hydrothermal origin for the fluids and metals that result in IOCG and IOA deposits in the Andes.To understand the timing of iron and copper mineralization and to test the link between IOA and IOCG deposits, I dated ore minerals (including pioneering in-situ dating of magnetite) from the neighboring Mina Justa IOCG and Marcona IOA deposits. The data indicate that copper mineralization at Mina Justa occurred at ca. 160 Ma, approximately 70 million years earlier than previously proposed, and that iron mineralization at Mina Justa and at Marcona occurred within the same timeframe and is older than copper mineralization. These results indicate that Mina Justa is an IOCG deposit that overprints IOA-style mineralization, linking IOA and IOCG deposits in Peru and providing insights into their geologic setting.Detailed mineral characterization combined with innovative geochronology can decipher the ingredients and processes that form iron oxide mineral deposits. This knowledge can be applied to develop effective exploration strategies to find these deposits to supply the increasing demand of metals that are necessary for the development of green energy technologies.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798368476285Subjects--Topical Terms:

539092
Geochemistry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

GeochemistryIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Geochronology and Source of Metals and Fluids in Iron Oxide - Apatite and Iron Oxide - Copper -Gold Mineral Deposits.
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245 1 0 $a Geochronology and Source of Metals and Fluids in Iron Oxide - Apatite and Iron Oxide - Copper -Gold Mineral Deposits.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-09, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Simon, Adam C.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a As the human population increases and shifts towards low-carbon technologies such as solar panels and electric vehicles, the demand for metals will keep escalating. In consequence, new sources of these materials need to be discovered to develop the infrastructure for the production and storage of renewable energy to meet carbon reduction targets. Iron oxide deposits, in particular iron oxide - apatite (IOA) and iron oxide - copper - gold (IOCG) deposits, contain important amounts of energy-critical elements such as Fe, Cu, U, V, Ni, and Co. Due to their spatial and temporal association with each other, it has been hypothesized that both deposit types are part of the same mineralizing system. To find new mineral deposits, an understanding of how they form must be developed to increase the efficiency of the discovery process. This work integrates innovative geochemical tools to improve our knowledge of the processes that result in the formation of iron oxide deposits.To constrain the sources of the fluids and metals in IOA and IOCG deposits, I focused on the characterization of the mineral magnetite from the Candelaria IOCG deposit and the Quince IOA prospect in Chile and from the Mina Justa IOCG deposit and the Marcona IOA deposit in Peru, as well as the copper sulfides from Mina Justa. The textural characterization and copper isotopes of sulfides are consistent with a high-temperature, magmatic-hydrothermal origin for copper mineralization. Iron, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope data from magnetite support an igneous to magmatic-hydrothermal source for the iron mineralization. Magnetite textures present igneous and magmatic-hydrothermal affinities, and the trace element concentrations indicate more than one generation of magnetite in IOCG deposits and a cooling trend for magnetite at Candelaria, where the deeper portion of the system corresponds to a transitional phase between the shallower IOCG deposit and deeper IOA mineralization. The combined chemical and textural data are consistent with an igneous/magmatic-hydrothermal origin for the fluids and metals that result in IOCG and IOA deposits in the Andes.To understand the timing of iron and copper mineralization and to test the link between IOA and IOCG deposits, I dated ore minerals (including pioneering in-situ dating of magnetite) from the neighboring Mina Justa IOCG and Marcona IOA deposits. The data indicate that copper mineralization at Mina Justa occurred at ca. 160 Ma, approximately 70 million years earlier than previously proposed, and that iron mineralization at Mina Justa and at Marcona occurred within the same timeframe and is older than copper mineralization. These results indicate that Mina Justa is an IOCG deposit that overprints IOA-style mineralization, linking IOA and IOCG deposits in Peru and providing insights into their geologic setting.Detailed mineral characterization combined with innovative geochronology can decipher the ingredients and processes that form iron oxide mineral deposits. This knowledge can be applied to develop effective exploration strategies to find these deposits to supply the increasing demand of metals that are necessary for the development of green energy technologies.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Geochemistry. $3 539092
650 4 $a Geology. $3 516570
650 4 $a Energy. $3 876794
650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
653 $a Geochemistry
653 $a Mineral deposits
653 $a Economic geology
653 $a Geochronology
653 $a Low-carbon technologies
653 $a Renewable energy
653 $a Magnetite
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
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690 $a 0996
690 $a 0768
690 $a 0791
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a University of Michigan. $b Earth and Environmental Sciences. $3 3426300
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-09B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30353358 $z click for full text (PQDT)

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