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Assessing the Impact of Fixant Solutions Applied at Aircraft Accident Sites on Composite Fractographic Evidence.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Assessing the Impact of Fixant Solutions Applied at Aircraft Accident Sites on Composite Fractographic Evidence./
Author:	Zimmermann, Natalie.
Description:	1 online resource (556 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-10B.
Subject:	Metals. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30499172click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379435769

Assessing the Impact of Fixant Solutions Applied at Aircraft Accident Sites on Composite Fractographic Evidence.
Zimmermann, Natalie.

Assessing the Impact of Fixant Solutions Applied at Aircraft Accident Sites on Composite Fractographic Evidence. - 1 online resource (556 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Purdue University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Composite materials used in the aviation industry are known to be more complex than their metallic predecessors. This impacts not only the design and manufacturing of composite structures, but also the failure studies when these structures fail and break (as may be the case in an aircraft accident). Additionally, when under combustion, composite materials introduce potential health hazards. At elevated temperatures, the fibers can be released, presenting an inhalation hazard. Similarly, the matrix decomposition results in a series of potentially toxic byproducts. When encountering composite fires at aircraft accident sites, a series of protocols have been delineated by the corresponding agencies. These include wearing personal protective equipment as well as the application of so-called fixant solutions over the burning composites, with the latter being the focus of this study. The purpose of the fixant solutions is to provide a film of protection that - in essence - holds down small fibers and prevents them from becoming airborne. While the use of fixant solutions is necessary to protect the health of individuals in the vicinity of burnt composites, the potential detrimental impact the application thereof has on fractographic evidence should also be considered. Experts in the field have voiced concerns regarding the use of fixants, outlining that these chemicals may wash evidence away, cover up evidence, or interfere with imaging methods needed during the failure analysis. The purpose of the conducted research, thus, was to compare the relative impact of four commonly used fixant solutions - namely water, wetted water, polyacrylic acid (PAA), as well as a mixture of water and floor wax - on fractographic features of failed carbon fiber/epoxy composite specimens. Specifically, fractographic evidence of two forms of damage - impact and tension - were evaluated. With this goal, the methodology included steps to manufacture the specimens of interest, introduce the two forms of damage, burn the specimens, apply fixants, and perform the microscopic analysis via a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The fractographic evidence prior and after the application of fixant was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that the evaluated fixants did influence the fracture surfaces imaged, and in certain cased obscured evidence of interest. Additionally, differences between the fixants were ascertained for both forms of damage evaluated. The water treatment was found to perform the best, minimizing the disruption of evidence. Nonetheless, while the study did answer the research questions and the different treatments were compared, additional areas of research and factors that should be considered were identified.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379435769Subjects--Topical Terms:

601053
Metals.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Assessing the Impact of Fixant Solutions Applied at Aircraft Accident Sites on Composite Fractographic Evidence.
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035 $a (MiAaPQ)Purdue22661188
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040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ $d NTU
100 1 $a Zimmermann, Natalie. $3 3698973
245 1 0 $a Assessing the Impact of Fixant Solutions Applied at Aircraft Accident Sites on Composite Fractographic Evidence.
264 0 $c 2023
300 $a 1 online resource (556 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Wang, Peng Hao.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Purdue University, 2023.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Composite materials used in the aviation industry are known to be more complex than their metallic predecessors. This impacts not only the design and manufacturing of composite structures, but also the failure studies when these structures fail and break (as may be the case in an aircraft accident). Additionally, when under combustion, composite materials introduce potential health hazards. At elevated temperatures, the fibers can be released, presenting an inhalation hazard. Similarly, the matrix decomposition results in a series of potentially toxic byproducts. When encountering composite fires at aircraft accident sites, a series of protocols have been delineated by the corresponding agencies. These include wearing personal protective equipment as well as the application of so-called fixant solutions over the burning composites, with the latter being the focus of this study. The purpose of the fixant solutions is to provide a film of protection that - in essence - holds down small fibers and prevents them from becoming airborne. While the use of fixant solutions is necessary to protect the health of individuals in the vicinity of burnt composites, the potential detrimental impact the application thereof has on fractographic evidence should also be considered. Experts in the field have voiced concerns regarding the use of fixants, outlining that these chemicals may wash evidence away, cover up evidence, or interfere with imaging methods needed during the failure analysis. The purpose of the conducted research, thus, was to compare the relative impact of four commonly used fixant solutions - namely water, wetted water, polyacrylic acid (PAA), as well as a mixture of water and floor wax - on fractographic features of failed carbon fiber/epoxy composite specimens. Specifically, fractographic evidence of two forms of damage - impact and tension - were evaluated. With this goal, the methodology included steps to manufacture the specimens of interest, introduce the two forms of damage, burn the specimens, apply fixants, and perform the microscopic analysis via a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The fractographic evidence prior and after the application of fixant was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that the evaluated fixants did influence the fracture surfaces imaged, and in certain cased obscured evidence of interest. Additionally, differences between the fixants were ascertained for both forms of damage evaluated. The water treatment was found to perform the best, minimizing the disruption of evidence. Nonetheless, while the study did answer the research questions and the different treatments were compared, additional areas of research and factors that should be considered were identified.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Metals. $3 601053
650 4 $a Personal protective equipment. $3 3685778
650 4 $a Thermogravimetric analysis. $3 3681837
650 4 $a Nondestructive testing. $3 665752
650 4 $a Aviation. $3 873136
650 4 $a Scanning electron microscopy. $3 551366
650 4 $a Composite materials. $3 654082
650 4 $a Mass spectrometry. $3 551172
650 4 $a Carbon fibers. $3 685794
650 4 $a Aerospace materials. $3 3433227
650 4 $a Accident investigations. $3 3698974
650 4 $a Materials science. $3 543314
650 4 $a Analytical chemistry. $3 3168300
650 4 $a Aerospace engineering. $3 1002622
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
690 $a 0486
690 $a 0794
690 $a 0538
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a Purdue University. $3 1017663
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-10B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30499172 $z click for full text (PQDT)