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Meaningful Variability in Implicit Social Cognition : = The Influence of Evaluative Social Contexts.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Meaningful Variability in Implicit Social Cognition :/
其他題名:	The Influence of Evaluative Social Contexts.
作者:	Ravary, Amanda.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (280 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-10A.
標題:	Failure. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30347208click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798377672326

Meaningful Variability in Implicit Social Cognition : = The Influence of Evaluative Social Contexts.
Ravary, Amanda.

Meaningful Variability in Implicit Social Cognition :The Influence of Evaluative Social Contexts. - 1 online resource (280 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-10, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McGill University (Canada), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Variability in implicit social cognition, including attentional bias and implicit bias, has often been viewed as problematic. In this dissertation, I propose that some temporal variability will reflect meaningful fluctuations based on relevant shifts in the social context. Given the fundamental need to belong, the precise contextual features that might be expected to contribute to social cognitive variability are those that indicate a person or group's social value.In Manuscript 1, I developed a cued dot probe task to investigate attentional bias variability based on contexts where an individual feels their relational value is most vulnerable. In Study 1, I re-examined a previously documented pattern of cognitive avoidance and found that socially anxious individuals attended toward rejection on dot probe trials cued with social competence flaws (e.g., foolish). In Study 2, low self-esteem individuals showed a rejection bias specifically when cued with failure. Finally, individuals with specific insecurities relating to academics (Study 3) and thinness (Study 4) were only biased toward social threat when cued with self-perceived flaws (i.e., stupid, obese, respectively). This converging evidence suggests that momentary attentional bias patterns-from even one second to the next-can result from contexts that a person has internalized as potentially leading to devaluation.In Manuscript 2, focusing specifically on weight bias, I explored variability in implicit anti-fat attitudes following communications of stigmatizing cultural norms, or challenges to such norms. Across Study 1, I examined fluctuations in female participants' Weight IAT scores using data from Project Implicit (N=259613). In Study 1a, mass media body positivity events were associated with a decline in implicit weight bias. In Study 1b, I identified a specific form of body positivity where a celebrity target pushed back against fat-shaming. Whereas fat-shaming events without push-back were associated with a spike in bias, there was no change for fat-shaming events with push-back over a two-week window. However, closer inspection revealed that this apparent stability was actually the result of countervailing influences pulling bias in opposing directions. In Study 2, adopting a daily diary design, prior-day weight-related experiences were found to predict intra-individual fluctuations in women's bias. Thus, implicit weight bias variability, whether within-person or across society, can reliably emerge in response to expressions of (de)valued social identities. Taken together, this research supports the notion that implicit social cognition is a dynamic process. Rather than being construed as random noise, we can understand variability across time as naturally arising from shifts in psychologically meaningful social contexts.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798377672326Subjects--Topical Terms:

3561225
Failure.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Meaningful Variability in Implicit Social Cognition : = The Influence of Evaluative Social Contexts.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Variability in implicit social cognition, including attentional bias and implicit bias, has often been viewed as problematic. In this dissertation, I propose that some temporal variability will reflect meaningful fluctuations based on relevant shifts in the social context. Given the fundamental need to belong, the precise contextual features that might be expected to contribute to social cognitive variability are those that indicate a person or group's social value.In Manuscript 1, I developed a cued dot probe task to investigate attentional bias variability based on contexts where an individual feels their relational value is most vulnerable. In Study 1, I re-examined a previously documented pattern of cognitive avoidance and found that socially anxious individuals attended toward rejection on dot probe trials cued with social competence flaws (e.g., foolish). In Study 2, low self-esteem individuals showed a rejection bias specifically when cued with failure. Finally, individuals with specific insecurities relating to academics (Study 3) and thinness (Study 4) were only biased toward social threat when cued with self-perceived flaws (i.e., stupid, obese, respectively). This converging evidence suggests that momentary attentional bias patterns-from even one second to the next-can result from contexts that a person has internalized as potentially leading to devaluation.In Manuscript 2, focusing specifically on weight bias, I explored variability in implicit anti-fat attitudes following communications of stigmatizing cultural norms, or challenges to such norms. Across Study 1, I examined fluctuations in female participants' Weight IAT scores using data from Project Implicit (N=259613). In Study 1a, mass media body positivity events were associated with a decline in implicit weight bias. In Study 1b, I identified a specific form of body positivity where a celebrity target pushed back against fat-shaming. Whereas fat-shaming events without push-back were associated with a spike in bias, there was no change for fat-shaming events with push-back over a two-week window. However, closer inspection revealed that this apparent stability was actually the result of countervailing influences pulling bias in opposing directions. In Study 2, adopting a daily diary design, prior-day weight-related experiences were found to predict intra-individual fluctuations in women's bias. Thus, implicit weight bias variability, whether within-person or across society, can reliably emerge in response to expressions of (de)valued social identities. Taken together, this research supports the notion that implicit social cognition is a dynamic process. Rather than being construed as random noise, we can understand variability across time as naturally arising from shifts in psychologically meaningful social contexts.
520 $a La variabilite de la cognition sociale implicite, incluant les biais attentionnels et les prejuges implicites, a souvent ete consideree comme problematique. Dans cette these, je propose que certaines fluctuations dans la cognition sociale implicite puissent etre basees sur des changements importants dans le contexte social. Etant donne le besoin fondamental d'appartenance, les caracteristiques contextuelles precises qui pourraient contribuer aux fluctuations de la cognition implicite sont celles qui indiquent la valeur sociale d'une personne ou d'un groupe.Dans le Manuscrit 1, j'ai developpe une version modifiee de la tache de l'invite visuelle (dot probe task) pour etudier la variabilite du biais attentionnel en fonction des contextes dans lesquels une personne estime que sa valeur relationnelle est la plus vulnerable. Dans l'etude 1, j'ai reexamine un modele d'evitement cognitif precedemment documente et j'ai demontre que les personnes socialement anxieuses dirigeaient leur attention vers le rejet lors d'essais presentant des defauts de competence sociale (par ex., insensee). Dans l'etude 2, les personnes ayant une faible estime de soi ont montre un biais attentionnel envers le rejet specifiquement lorsqu'elles etaient confrontees a un echec. Enfin, les personnes souffrant d'insecurites specifiques liees au milieu academique (etude 3) et a la minceur (etude 4) etaient orientees vers la menace sociale lorsque'elles etaient confrontees a des defauts percus par elles-memes (par ex., stupide, obese, respectivement). Ces preuves convergent pour suggerer que les biais attentionnels momentanes-meme d'une seconde a l'autre-peuvent resulter de contextes qu'une personne a internalises comme pouvant entrainer une devalorisation sociale.Dans le Manuscrit 2, portant specifiquement sur les prejuges lies au poids, j'ai explore la variabilite des attitudes implicites liees au poids suite a la communication de normes culturelles stigmatisantes ou a la remise en question de ces normes. Dans l'etude 1, j'ai examine les fluctuations des scores des participantes sur le « Weight IAT » en utilisant les donnees de Project Implicit (N=259613). Dans l'etude 1a, j'ai decouvert que les evenements de positivite corporelle dans les medias de masse etaient associes a une diminution des prejuges implicites sur le poids. Dans l'etude 1b, j'ai identifie une forme specifique de positivite corporelle dans laquelle une celebrite cible s'oppose au « fat-shaming » (c.-a-d. : la devalorisation sociale en lien avec le surplus de poids). Alors que les evenements de devalorisation du surplus de poids sans un message de positivite corporelle en reponse etaient associes a une augmentation du biais, il n'y avait aucun changement pour les evenements de devalorisation du surplus de poids avec un message de positivite corporelle en reponse au cours des deux semaines suivantes. Cependant, un examen plus approfondi a revele que cette stabilite apparente etait en fait le resultat d'influences contraires qui poussaient les prejuges dans des directions opposees. Dans l'etude 2, en utilisant un journal quotidien, on a constate que les experiences liees au poids de la journee precedente permettaient de predire les fluctuations intra-individuelles des prejuges des femmes. Ainsi, la variabilite des prejuges implicites lies au poids, que ce soit au niveau individuel ou dans l'ensemble de la societe, peut emerger de maniere fiable en reponse a l'expression d'identites sociales (de)valorisees. Bref, cette recherche soutient l'idee que la cognition sociale implicite est un processus dynamique. Plutot que d'etre consideree comme aleatoire, nous pouvons comprendre la variabilite cognitive dans le temps comme resultant naturellement de changements dans des contextes sociaux psychologiquement significatifs.
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