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Characterisation of Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Commercial Chicken Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Characterisation of Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Commercial Chicken Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam./
作者:	Cuong, Nguyen Van.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (345 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-06, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-06A.
標題:	Infectious diseases. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30181333click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798358416963

Characterisation of Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Commercial Chicken Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.
Cuong, Nguyen Van.

Characterisation of Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Commercial Chicken Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. - 1 online resource (345 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-06, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Open University (United Kingdom), 2021.

Includes bibliographical references

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to the health and wealth of nations. The AMR crisis has been attributed to the overuse and misuse antimicrobials. Excessive use of antimicrobials in animal production is one of the contributing factors to this global threat. This thesis aims to characterize antimicrobial used (AMU) in small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. This includes consumption of antimicrobials mixed with water by the farmer as well those included in commercial feeds as antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs). The epidemiological data gathered is used to investigate the relationship between AMU and disease.First, I conducted a systematic literature review to provide an overview of metrics and methodologies used to measure AMU in animal production in the scientific literature, as well as reviewing existing data on AMU in different species in order to identify data gaps worldwide. Then, I performed a longitudinal study on a large cohort of small-scale chicken farms in Dong Thap province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam from October 2016 to May 2018 to investigate in detail the types and amounts of antimicrobials consumed, as well as the relationship between AMU and disease. On average, chickens consumed antimicrobials mixed in water over 382.6 per 1,000 days, or 323.4 mg (SEM ±11.3mg) per kg of chicken produced. The average amounts of AAIs in commercial feed given to produce one kg of chicken was 84.8mg (SEM ±9.3mg). Prophylactic AMU did not reduce the probability of disease, and administration of some antimicrobial classes did increase the risk of disease. Therapeutic AMU often had an effect on mortality but the pattern was inconsistent across the combinations of antimicrobial classes and clinical signs. Thirdly, I performed a study in mixed-species small-scale farms typical of the Mekong Delta in order to investigate whether AMU Page 10 of 342 data could be gathered using a simple cross-sectional study design. Results highlight the disproportionately high levels of AMU in animal production in the Mekong Delta region, and provide a guideline for the estimation of AMU from simple cross-sectional surveys on farms.Results from this thesis suggest that efforts to promote responsible use of antimicrobials and limit excessive AMU should primarily target animal production. The message 'prophylactic AMU does not overall reduced the probability of disease in flocks' should be further disseminated to poultry farming communities.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798358416963Subjects--Topical Terms:

2179310
Infectious diseases.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Characterisation of Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Commercial Chicken Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.
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245 1 0 $a Characterisation of Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Commercial Chicken Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.
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300 $a 1 online resource (345 pages)
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-06, Section: A.
500 $a Advisor: Choisy, Marc.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Open University (United Kingdom), 2021.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to the health and wealth of nations. The AMR crisis has been attributed to the overuse and misuse antimicrobials. Excessive use of antimicrobials in animal production is one of the contributing factors to this global threat. This thesis aims to characterize antimicrobial used (AMU) in small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. This includes consumption of antimicrobials mixed with water by the farmer as well those included in commercial feeds as antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs). The epidemiological data gathered is used to investigate the relationship between AMU and disease.First, I conducted a systematic literature review to provide an overview of metrics and methodologies used to measure AMU in animal production in the scientific literature, as well as reviewing existing data on AMU in different species in order to identify data gaps worldwide. Then, I performed a longitudinal study on a large cohort of small-scale chicken farms in Dong Thap province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam from October 2016 to May 2018 to investigate in detail the types and amounts of antimicrobials consumed, as well as the relationship between AMU and disease. On average, chickens consumed antimicrobials mixed in water over 382.6 per 1,000 days, or 323.4 mg (SEM ±11.3mg) per kg of chicken produced. The average amounts of AAIs in commercial feed given to produce one kg of chicken was 84.8mg (SEM ±9.3mg). Prophylactic AMU did not reduce the probability of disease, and administration of some antimicrobial classes did increase the risk of disease. Therapeutic AMU often had an effect on mortality but the pattern was inconsistent across the combinations of antimicrobial classes and clinical signs. Thirdly, I performed a study in mixed-species small-scale farms typical of the Mekong Delta in order to investigate whether AMU Page 10 of 342 data could be gathered using a simple cross-sectional study design. Results highlight the disproportionately high levels of AMU in animal production in the Mekong Delta region, and provide a guideline for the estimation of AMU from simple cross-sectional surveys on farms.Results from this thesis suggest that efforts to promote responsible use of antimicrobials and limit excessive AMU should primarily target animal production. The message 'prophylactic AMU does not overall reduced the probability of disease in flocks' should be further disseminated to poultry farming communities.
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650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 3174829
650 4 $a Pharmacology. $3 634543
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