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Advancing Sustainable Decision-Making for the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Advancing Sustainable Decision-Making for the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste./
作者:	Sardarmehni, Mojtaba.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (231 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-02B.
標題:	Feeds. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29228659click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798841531180

Advancing Sustainable Decision-Making for the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste.
Sardarmehni, Mojtaba.

Advancing Sustainable Decision-Making for the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste. - 1 online resource (231 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

In recent years, an increasing number of jurisdictions have established policies banning the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) from landfills or requiring nutrients and energy to be recovered from OFMSW. Given the costs associated with separate collection of OFMSW, the inherent heterogeneity in municipal solid waste (MSW), and the complex interrelationships between solid waste management (SWM) processes, policymakers should comprehensively consider the interactions among waste management processes, energy systems, and the environment to avoid negative unintended environmental or economic consequences when developing OFMSW management strategies.The primary goal of this research is to assess the environmental and economic performance of SWM alternatives for managing OFMSW. Achieving this goal required the development of a new open-source life-cycle optimization framework for solid waste and sustainable materials management applications.Chapter 2 describes the development of Solid Waste Optimization Life-cycle Framework in Python (SwolfPy). SwolfPy allows users to define solid waste management networks and scenarios as well as perform comparative life-cycle assessments (LCAs), contribution analyses, uncertainty analyses, and optimization. SwolfPy is implemented in Python using several scientific computing packages including Pandas, NumPy, and SciPy, PySide2 for creating the GUI, and Brightway2 for storing life-cycle inventory data and performing the LCAs. SwolfPy is modular and flexible which enables it to be easily coupled with other packages, and to facilitate the addition of new processes, materials, environmental flows and impacts, and methodologies. SwolfPy uses Sequential Least-Squares Programming (SLSQP) for constrained non-linear optimization to find systems and strategies that minimize cost or environmental emissions and impacts while meeting user-defined constraints.Treatment of OFMSW in biological processes results in the production of compost to recover nutrients; however, due to variations in compost quality and available markets, it is not always possible for compost to be beneficially used on soil. In such cases, compost may be used as alternative daily cover (ADC) in landfills. Chapter 3 compares the environmental impacts of using compost as a soil amendment, accounting for its beneficial substitutions for fertilizer and peat, to its use as ADC. Monte Carlo simulation and parametric sensitivity analyses were performed by SwolfPy to evaluate the effects of uncertainty in input values on the environmental performance. The ADC scenario outperforms the soil amendment scenario in terms of global warming potential, acidification, and eutrophication in ~63, ~77, and ~100% of simulations, respectively, while the soil amendment scenario is better in terms of cumulative energy demand and abiotic resource depletion potential ~94 and ~96% of the time, respectively. Therefore, we recommend that using compost as ADC be considered, especially when site-specific factors such as feedstock contamination or a lack of markets make it difficult to find appropriate applications for compost as a soil amendment.Chapter 4 compares the life-cycle impacts associated with management alternatives for recovering energy and/or nutrients from OFMSW through mixed waste processing systems. The considered treatment alternatives include landfilling, mass burn waste-to-energy (WTE), gasification and syngas combustion (GC) for electricity production, gasification Fischer-Tropsch (GFT) for transportation fuel production, aerobic composting (AC), and anaerobic digestion (AD). Seven environmental impacts were assessed for five sets of state and one U.S. national waste compositions. The WTE and GC scenarios generally have the lowest environmental impacts, while landfilling and GFT have the greatest impacts. Separating out organics for AC increased environmental impacts compared to sending them to GC, while sending them to AD decreased GWP and increased the other impacts.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798841531180Subjects--Topical Terms:

659935
Feeds.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Advancing Sustainable Decision-Making for the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste.
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520 $a In recent years, an increasing number of jurisdictions have established policies banning the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) from landfills or requiring nutrients and energy to be recovered from OFMSW. Given the costs associated with separate collection of OFMSW, the inherent heterogeneity in municipal solid waste (MSW), and the complex interrelationships between solid waste management (SWM) processes, policymakers should comprehensively consider the interactions among waste management processes, energy systems, and the environment to avoid negative unintended environmental or economic consequences when developing OFMSW management strategies.The primary goal of this research is to assess the environmental and economic performance of SWM alternatives for managing OFMSW. Achieving this goal required the development of a new open-source life-cycle optimization framework for solid waste and sustainable materials management applications.Chapter 2 describes the development of Solid Waste Optimization Life-cycle Framework in Python (SwolfPy). SwolfPy allows users to define solid waste management networks and scenarios as well as perform comparative life-cycle assessments (LCAs), contribution analyses, uncertainty analyses, and optimization. SwolfPy is implemented in Python using several scientific computing packages including Pandas, NumPy, and SciPy, PySide2 for creating the GUI, and Brightway2 for storing life-cycle inventory data and performing the LCAs. SwolfPy is modular and flexible which enables it to be easily coupled with other packages, and to facilitate the addition of new processes, materials, environmental flows and impacts, and methodologies. SwolfPy uses Sequential Least-Squares Programming (SLSQP) for constrained non-linear optimization to find systems and strategies that minimize cost or environmental emissions and impacts while meeting user-defined constraints.Treatment of OFMSW in biological processes results in the production of compost to recover nutrients; however, due to variations in compost quality and available markets, it is not always possible for compost to be beneficially used on soil. In such cases, compost may be used as alternative daily cover (ADC) in landfills. Chapter 3 compares the environmental impacts of using compost as a soil amendment, accounting for its beneficial substitutions for fertilizer and peat, to its use as ADC. Monte Carlo simulation and parametric sensitivity analyses were performed by SwolfPy to evaluate the effects of uncertainty in input values on the environmental performance. The ADC scenario outperforms the soil amendment scenario in terms of global warming potential, acidification, and eutrophication in ~63, ~77, and ~100% of simulations, respectively, while the soil amendment scenario is better in terms of cumulative energy demand and abiotic resource depletion potential ~94 and ~96% of the time, respectively. Therefore, we recommend that using compost as ADC be considered, especially when site-specific factors such as feedstock contamination or a lack of markets make it difficult to find appropriate applications for compost as a soil amendment.Chapter 4 compares the life-cycle impacts associated with management alternatives for recovering energy and/or nutrients from OFMSW through mixed waste processing systems. The considered treatment alternatives include landfilling, mass burn waste-to-energy (WTE), gasification and syngas combustion (GC) for electricity production, gasification Fischer-Tropsch (GFT) for transportation fuel production, aerobic composting (AC), and anaerobic digestion (AD). Seven environmental impacts were assessed for five sets of state and one U.S. national waste compositions. The WTE and GC scenarios generally have the lowest environmental impacts, while landfilling and GFT have the greatest impacts. Separating out organics for AC increased environmental impacts compared to sending them to GC, while sending them to AD decreased GWP and increased the other impacts.
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