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Ecosystem Resilience to Global Environmental Change.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Ecosystem Resilience to Global Environmental Change./
作者:	Fiore, Nicole Marie.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (102 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-01B.
標題:	Environmental science. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28970609click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798834045304

Ecosystem Resilience to Global Environmental Change.
Fiore, Nicole Marie.

Ecosystem Resilience to Global Environmental Change. - 1 online resource (102 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Irvine, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Global environmental change is impacting ecosystems. Drought, nitrogen deposition, and invasion by annual grasses (GL) are causing extensive loss of Southern California's coastal sage scrub (CSS) community. Warmer temperatures, changes in precipitation, and altered fire regimes are impacting interior Alaska's boreal forest function and productivity. In this dissertation, I explore these two contrasting ecosystems with the goal of developing a mechanistic understanding of how ecosystems respond to multiple global environmental change drivers.Chapter 2 examines an apparently stable vegetation boundary between CSS and GL. This chapter utilizes historical aerial photography and measures of above and belowground properties to examine how vegetation type impacts soil development. CSS had more deeply distributed root biomass, denser surface soil, and greater total stocks of soil organic carbon and nitrogen than GL. Vegetation type creates unique soil properties that may reinforce the stable boundary by preventing invasion of vegetation with different growth, rooting, and/or water-use strategies.Chapter 3 explores how CSS and GL respond to drought and added nitrogen. CSS was more sensitive to global change than GL and drought was the main driver of ecosystem change. In CSS, drought and drought x +N reduced native shrub biomass and altered litter composition, consistent with a vegetation shift from CSS to GL. These changes were mirrored belowground, with reductions in soil bulk density, soil organic carbon content, and soil C/N ratio in CSS drought plots. The surface soil properties in CSS drought plots were more similar to GL than to CSS, indicating that drought induced vegetation shifts from CSS to GL impact ecosystem properties and processes, both above and belowground.Chapter 4 combines measures of remotely-sensed NDVI with forest surveys to explore the drivers of recent NDVI trends. Recent fire led to sharp NDVI decreases, while early recovery of deciduous species led to NDVI increases. The mid-succession transition from deciduous to evergreen forests led to weak NDVI decreases, and the mid-to-late successional thinning of evergreen canopies to weak NDVI increases. Thus, both increasing and decreasing NDVI stands occur naturally across the landscape, and do not necessarily reflect a large-scale shift in boreal forest productivity.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798834045304Subjects--Topical Terms:

677245
Environmental science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

DroughtIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Ecosystem Resilience to Global Environmental Change.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Global environmental change is impacting ecosystems. Drought, nitrogen deposition, and invasion by annual grasses (GL) are causing extensive loss of Southern California's coastal sage scrub (CSS) community. Warmer temperatures, changes in precipitation, and altered fire regimes are impacting interior Alaska's boreal forest function and productivity. In this dissertation, I explore these two contrasting ecosystems with the goal of developing a mechanistic understanding of how ecosystems respond to multiple global environmental change drivers.Chapter 2 examines an apparently stable vegetation boundary between CSS and GL. This chapter utilizes historical aerial photography and measures of above and belowground properties to examine how vegetation type impacts soil development. CSS had more deeply distributed root biomass, denser surface soil, and greater total stocks of soil organic carbon and nitrogen than GL. Vegetation type creates unique soil properties that may reinforce the stable boundary by preventing invasion of vegetation with different growth, rooting, and/or water-use strategies.Chapter 3 explores how CSS and GL respond to drought and added nitrogen. CSS was more sensitive to global change than GL and drought was the main driver of ecosystem change. In CSS, drought and drought x +N reduced native shrub biomass and altered litter composition, consistent with a vegetation shift from CSS to GL. These changes were mirrored belowground, with reductions in soil bulk density, soil organic carbon content, and soil C/N ratio in CSS drought plots. The surface soil properties in CSS drought plots were more similar to GL than to CSS, indicating that drought induced vegetation shifts from CSS to GL impact ecosystem properties and processes, both above and belowground.Chapter 4 combines measures of remotely-sensed NDVI with forest surveys to explore the drivers of recent NDVI trends. Recent fire led to sharp NDVI decreases, while early recovery of deciduous species led to NDVI increases. The mid-succession transition from deciduous to evergreen forests led to weak NDVI decreases, and the mid-to-late successional thinning of evergreen canopies to weak NDVI increases. Thus, both increasing and decreasing NDVI stands occur naturally across the landscape, and do not necessarily reflect a large-scale shift in boreal forest productivity.
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710 2 $a University of California, Irvine. $b Earth System Science - Ph.D. $3 1677738
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-01B.
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