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Modeling of Carbon Nanoparticle Formation in Combustion and Pyrolysis Environments and Its Application in the Carbon Black Industry.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Modeling of Carbon Nanoparticle Formation in Combustion and Pyrolysis Environments and Its Application in the Carbon Black Industry./
作者:	Naseri, Ali.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (156 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-01B.
標題:	Engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28316372click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798522942625

Modeling of Carbon Nanoparticle Formation in Combustion and Pyrolysis Environments and Its Application in the Carbon Black Industry.
Naseri, Ali.

Modeling of Carbon Nanoparticle Formation in Combustion and Pyrolysis Environments and Its Application in the Carbon Black Industry. - 1 online resource (156 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2021.

Includes bibliographical references

Carbonaceous nanoparticles such as soot and carbon black (CB) are formed during the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. Soot is a threat to human health and climate change, while CB has diverse applications that depend on the particle morphology, e.g., aggregate structure. Predictive numerical tools capable of estimating the mean particle properties such as the primary particle size, mobility diameter, and particle number density help to prevent the unwanted formation of soot and assist the CB manufacturers to fine-tune their products. This thesis seeks the implementation of an aerosol dynamics model into a plug flow code to simulate the CB synthesis in flow reactors. Inception, surface growth, and coagulation control process yield and agglomerate morphology. New particles are formed by the reversible clustering of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) followed by chemical bond formation, i.e., chemical dimerization, and grow with Hydrogen Abstraction Carbon Addition and chemical adsorption of PAHs on the surface of particles. Irreversible PAH clustering and surface adsorption continuously convert more than 90% of the PAH precursors to new particles even in the low temperature (T<1200 K) regions which results in the overprediction of the primary particles count. Neglecting chemical bond formation, i.e., reversible dimerization and PAH adsorption, results in an underestimation of process yield by a factor of 3. By considering chemical bond formation, particle size distribution, average primary particle diameter, and mass yield are predicted within 6-15% of measurements. Understanding carbon black's oxidation behavior and resistance is crucial to its manufacturing, aftertreatment, and applications. This thesis combines bulk oxidation techniques with novel in situ electron microscopy to visualize oxidation pathways dependent on nanostructure and oxidative agents. The sample oxidation pathways were then fully characterized for three heat-treated samples of Thermax® N990 using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM). Amorphous samples oxidized rapidly with molecular O2. However, when O radicals were present, the amorphous sample reacted with O radicals to form a resilient carbon oxide, slowing oxidation. The heat-treated samples followed opposite trends; they resisted oxidation with O2 and reacted quickly with O radicals, as the radicals stripped away the graphitic shell.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798522942625Subjects--Topical Terms:

586835
Engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Carbon BlackIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Modeling of Carbon Nanoparticle Formation in Combustion and Pyrolysis Environments and Its Application in the Carbon Black Industry.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Carbonaceous nanoparticles such as soot and carbon black (CB) are formed during the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. Soot is a threat to human health and climate change, while CB has diverse applications that depend on the particle morphology, e.g., aggregate structure. Predictive numerical tools capable of estimating the mean particle properties such as the primary particle size, mobility diameter, and particle number density help to prevent the unwanted formation of soot and assist the CB manufacturers to fine-tune their products. This thesis seeks the implementation of an aerosol dynamics model into a plug flow code to simulate the CB synthesis in flow reactors. Inception, surface growth, and coagulation control process yield and agglomerate morphology. New particles are formed by the reversible clustering of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) followed by chemical bond formation, i.e., chemical dimerization, and grow with Hydrogen Abstraction Carbon Addition and chemical adsorption of PAHs on the surface of particles. Irreversible PAH clustering and surface adsorption continuously convert more than 90% of the PAH precursors to new particles even in the low temperature (T<1200 K) regions which results in the overprediction of the primary particles count. Neglecting chemical bond formation, i.e., reversible dimerization and PAH adsorption, results in an underestimation of process yield by a factor of 3. By considering chemical bond formation, particle size distribution, average primary particle diameter, and mass yield are predicted within 6-15% of measurements. Understanding carbon black's oxidation behavior and resistance is crucial to its manufacturing, aftertreatment, and applications. This thesis combines bulk oxidation techniques with novel in situ electron microscopy to visualize oxidation pathways dependent on nanostructure and oxidative agents. The sample oxidation pathways were then fully characterized for three heat-treated samples of Thermax® N990 using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM). Amorphous samples oxidized rapidly with molecular O2. However, when O radicals were present, the amorphous sample reacted with O radicals to form a resilient carbon oxide, slowing oxidation. The heat-treated samples followed opposite trends; they resisted oxidation with O2 and reacted quickly with O radicals, as the radicals stripped away the graphitic shell.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
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650 4 $a Petroleum engineering. $3 566616
650 4 $a Nanoscience. $3 587832
650 4 $a Chemical engineering. $3 560457
650 4 $a Environmental engineering. $3 548583
650 4 $a Reactors. $3 3681735
650 4 $a Simulation. $3 644748
650 4 $a Carbon black. $3 3681396
650 4 $a Sensitivity analysis. $3 3560752
650 4 $a Nanoparticles. $3 605747
650 4 $a Experiments. $3 525909
650 4 $a Aggregates. $3 3564159
650 4 $a Aerosols. $3 671355
650 4 $a Decomposition. $3 3561186
650 4 $a Particle size. $3 3564817
650 4 $a Heat. $3 573595
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653 $a Morphology Prediction
653 $a Oxidation
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653 $a TEM
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