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Production and Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharide-Derived Functional Ingredients from Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) Cell Wall Materials.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Production and Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharide-Derived Functional Ingredients from Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) Cell Wall Materials./
作者:	Andreani, Eugenio Spadoni.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	178 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-10B.
標題:	Food science. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28383615
ISBN:	9798708707024

Production and Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharide-Derived Functional Ingredients from Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) Cell Wall Materials.
Andreani, Eugenio Spadoni.

Production and Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharide-Derived Functional Ingredients from Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) Cell Wall Materials. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 178 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McGill University (Canada), 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The extraction of oligosaccharides from cranberry pomace, the fibrous by-product of juice production, was explored. The effects of two power settings (84.9 and 242.4 W/g) and alkali concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 M potassium hydroxide) on microwave-assisted extraction were tested. Highest yield of oligosaccharides (average 21.5%) was obtained at higher alkalinity. The extracts were enriched in pectic oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization between 7 and 10. Enzymatic hydrolysis was tested with a commercial endo-galactanase and four multi-enzymatic catalysts with varied levels of polysaccharide-degrading activities. Depol™ 740L and Pectinex® Ultra SPL had the highest yields (average 39.8%). All multi-enzymatic biocatalysts led to yields equal or higher than the microwave-assisted approach, while the yield obtained by endo-galactanase was lower. All extracts were enriched in glucose and with less galactose than the ones obtained by microwave approach. Most of the oligosaccharides generated by multi-enzymatic biocatalysts had a degree of polymerization between 2 and 5.Cell wall polysaccharides from Stevens variety cranberries were extracted with a sequence of four aqueous solvents. Hot buffer extracted mainly pectic polysaccharides. Chelating agents extracted mainly homogalacturonan-rich polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. This extract had the highest yield (11% w/w of starting material). The main neutral structures in these two extracts were pectic arabinan and type II arabinogalactan. Pectic polysaccharides extracted with diluted alkali had the highest abundance of neutral branches and were associated with less hemicelluloses than the previous two. Their pectic neutral branches were characterized by the presence of more galactan. Concentrated alkali extract contained prevalently hemicellulose.Pectic polysaccharide were isolated from chelating agents and diluted alkali extracts by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. A series of pectin-degrading enzymatic activities was used as a tool to obtain information on their structure. Different levels and distributions of methyl esterification in homogalacturonan were determined by comparing the galacturonic acid released by pectin lyase and endo-polygalacturonase. Debranching enzymes active on 1,5-linked arabinose and 1,4-linked galactose revealed important characteristic features, including the presence of pectic galactan and branched type I arabinogalactan, with a short backbone and abundant arabinan branches. The presence of galactoarabinan was also proposed.The enzymatic esterification with ferulic acid of polysaccharides from chelating agents and diluted alkali extracts was investigated. Humicola insolens feruloyl esterase was immobilized on iminodiacetic acid-copper modified epoxy-polyacrylic supports. Specific esterification activity was assessed on raffinose in surfactantless microemulsions of water in n-hexane/butanone with different water contents. Immobilized enzyme was found to be most active in n-hexane:butanone:water mixture of 51:46:3 (v:v:v), while free enzyme showed lower specific activity with a maximum at 6% water. These conditions were used for the esterification of cranberry polysaccharides. Higher feruloylation (22.1-26.6% consumption of ferulic acid) of chelating agents-extracted polysaccharides was achieved with immobilized enzyme than with free enzyme, while immobilization didn't impact the esterification of diluted alkali-extracted polysaccharides.The fermentability in anaerobic environment of the prebiotic polysaccharide inulin and of cranberry polysaccharides in native and feruloylated forms by two strains of the beneficial gut bacteria Lactobacillus brevis and Bifidobacterium longum was compared. All polysaccharides promoted the generation of abundant propionic acid, followed by acetic acid. Feruloylation negatively impacted bacterial growth, the effect being more marked on diluted alkali-based polysaccharides and for L. brevis.

ISBN: 9798708707024Subjects--Topical Terms:

3173303
Food science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Oligo- and polysaccharide-derived functional ingredients

Production and Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharide-Derived Functional Ingredients from Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) Cell Wall Materials.
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300 $a 178 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-10, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Karboune, Salwa.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--McGill University (Canada), 2020.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a The extraction of oligosaccharides from cranberry pomace, the fibrous by-product of juice production, was explored. The effects of two power settings (84.9 and 242.4 W/g) and alkali concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 M potassium hydroxide) on microwave-assisted extraction were tested. Highest yield of oligosaccharides (average 21.5%) was obtained at higher alkalinity. The extracts were enriched in pectic oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization between 7 and 10. Enzymatic hydrolysis was tested with a commercial endo-galactanase and four multi-enzymatic catalysts with varied levels of polysaccharide-degrading activities. Depol™ 740L and Pectinex® Ultra SPL had the highest yields (average 39.8%). All multi-enzymatic biocatalysts led to yields equal or higher than the microwave-assisted approach, while the yield obtained by endo-galactanase was lower. All extracts were enriched in glucose and with less galactose than the ones obtained by microwave approach. Most of the oligosaccharides generated by multi-enzymatic biocatalysts had a degree of polymerization between 2 and 5.Cell wall polysaccharides from Stevens variety cranberries were extracted with a sequence of four aqueous solvents. Hot buffer extracted mainly pectic polysaccharides. Chelating agents extracted mainly homogalacturonan-rich polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. This extract had the highest yield (11% w/w of starting material). The main neutral structures in these two extracts were pectic arabinan and type II arabinogalactan. Pectic polysaccharides extracted with diluted alkali had the highest abundance of neutral branches and were associated with less hemicelluloses than the previous two. Their pectic neutral branches were characterized by the presence of more galactan. Concentrated alkali extract contained prevalently hemicellulose.Pectic polysaccharide were isolated from chelating agents and diluted alkali extracts by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. A series of pectin-degrading enzymatic activities was used as a tool to obtain information on their structure. Different levels and distributions of methyl esterification in homogalacturonan were determined by comparing the galacturonic acid released by pectin lyase and endo-polygalacturonase. Debranching enzymes active on 1,5-linked arabinose and 1,4-linked galactose revealed important characteristic features, including the presence of pectic galactan and branched type I arabinogalactan, with a short backbone and abundant arabinan branches. The presence of galactoarabinan was also proposed.The enzymatic esterification with ferulic acid of polysaccharides from chelating agents and diluted alkali extracts was investigated. Humicola insolens feruloyl esterase was immobilized on iminodiacetic acid-copper modified epoxy-polyacrylic supports. Specific esterification activity was assessed on raffinose in surfactantless microemulsions of water in n-hexane/butanone with different water contents. Immobilized enzyme was found to be most active in n-hexane:butanone:water mixture of 51:46:3 (v:v:v), while free enzyme showed lower specific activity with a maximum at 6% water. These conditions were used for the esterification of cranberry polysaccharides. Higher feruloylation (22.1-26.6% consumption of ferulic acid) of chelating agents-extracted polysaccharides was achieved with immobilized enzyme than with free enzyme, while immobilization didn't impact the esterification of diluted alkali-extracted polysaccharides.The fermentability in anaerobic environment of the prebiotic polysaccharide inulin and of cranberry polysaccharides in native and feruloylated forms by two strains of the beneficial gut bacteria Lactobacillus brevis and Bifidobacterium longum was compared. All polysaccharides promoted the generation of abundant propionic acid, followed by acetic acid. Feruloylation negatively impacted bacterial growth, the effect being more marked on diluted alkali-based polysaccharides and for L. brevis.
520 $a L'extraction d'oligosaccharides a partir du marc de canneberge a ete exploree. Les effets de niveau de puissance de micro-onde (84,9 et 242,4 W/g) et concentration alcaline (hydroxyde de potassium 0,25 et 0,5 M) sur l'extraction assistee par micro-onde ont ete testes. Le rendement en oligosaccharides le plus eleve (21,5% en moyenne) etait obtenu avec l'alcalinite la plus elevee. Les extraits etaient enrichis d'oligosaccharides pectiques avec degre de polymerisation 7-10. L'hydrolyse enzymatique a ete investiguee en utilisant endo-galactanase et catalyseurs multienzymatiques avec des niveaux varies d'activites degradant les polysaccharides. En comparaison avec l'extraction assistee par micro-onde, les biocatalyseurs multienzymatiques ont conduit a des rendements egaux ou superieurs. Les extraits, enrichies en glucose, contenaient oligosaccharides avec degre de polymerisation 2-5.Les polysaccharides de la paroi cellulaire des canneberges de la variete Stevens ont ete extraits en utilisant une sequence de quatre solvants aqueux. L'extrait obtenu par le tampon chaud contenait principalement des polysaccharides pectiques. Les agents chelateurs ont extrait des poly-et oligosaccharides riches en homogalacturonane. Cet extrait avait le plus haut rendement (11% p/p de matiere de depart). Les principales structures neutres presents dans ces extraits etaient l'arabinane pectique et l'arabinogalactane de type II. La solution alcaline diluee a permis d'extraire des polysaccharides pectiques ayant la plus grande abondance en branches neutres, et associes a moins d'hemicelluloses que les deux extraits precedents. Les branches neutres pectiques contenaient plus de galactane. L'extrait obtenu par la solution alcaline concentree contenait principalement de l'hemicellulose.Des polysaccharides pectiques ont ete isolees des extraits par la chromatographie a echange d'anions suivie de celle a filtration sur gel. Les fractions ont ete soumises a une serie d'enzymes degradant les polysaccharides, permettant d'obtenir des informations sur leur structure. Le niveau et la distribution du groupe d'ester methylique d'homogalacturonane etaient determines en comparant l'acide galacturonique liberee par la pectine lyase et par l'endo-polygalacturonase. Des enzymes agissant sur les branches, en particulier l'arabinose lie en 1,5 et le galactose lie en 1,4, revelaient la presence du galactane pectique et d'arabinogalactane de type I ayant une courte chaine principale et des ramifications abondantes d'arabinane. La presence du galactoarabinane a egalement ete proposee.L'esterification enzymatique avec l'acide ferulique des polysaccharides presents dans les extraits d'agents chelatants et d'alcali dilue, a ete investiguee. La feruloyl esterase de Humicola insolens a ete immobilisee sur des supports epoxy-polyacryliques modifies par acide iminodiacetique et cuivre. L'activite d'esterification specifique a ete evaluee dans des microemulsions composees de differentes teneurs d'eau en n-hexane/butanone. L'enzyme immobilisee a montre l'activite la plus elevee dans le melange 51:46:3 (v:v:v) de n-hexane/butanone/eau. L'enzyme libre avait une activite faible, et l'activite maximale a ete obtenue avec 6% d'eau. Ces conditions ont ete utilisees pour l'esterification des polysaccharides. Une feruloylation plus elevee (22,1-26,6% de consommation d'acide ferulique) des polysaccharides presents dans l'extrait d'agents chelateurs a ete obtenue avec l'enzyme immobilisee.La fermentabilite en milieu anaerobique du prebiotique inuline et des polysaccharides de canneberge sous formes natives et feruloylees par les bacteries intestinales benefiques Lactobacillus brevis et Bifidobacterium longum a ete comparee. Tous les polysaccharides ont favorise la generation d'acide propionique abondant, suivi par l'acide acetique. La feruloylation a eu un impact negatif sur la croissance bacterienne, l'effet etant plus marque sur les polysaccharides alcalins dilues et sur L. brevis.
590 $a School code: 0781.
650 4 $a Food science. $3 3173303
650 4 $a Agricultural chemistry. $3 523947
653 $a Oligo- and polysaccharide-derived functional ingredients
653 $a Cranberry
653 $a Vaccinium macrocarpon
653 $a Cell wall materials
690 $a 0359
690 $a 0749
710 2 $a McGill University (Canada). $3 1018122
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 82-10B.
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791 $a Ph.D.
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