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The Effects of Childhood Lead Exposure on the Cognitive Abilities of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Effects of Childhood Lead Exposure on the Cognitive Abilities of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis./
作者:	Makhetha, Mpiyakhe Michael.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	82 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 83-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International83-05.
標題:	Biomarkers. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28701259
ISBN:	9798544210962

The Effects of Childhood Lead Exposure on the Cognitive Abilities of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Makhetha, Mpiyakhe Michael.

The Effects of Childhood Lead Exposure on the Cognitive Abilities of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 82 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 83-05.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Johannesburg (South Africa), 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

A great burden of lead exposure is experienced in South Africa and other middle- and low-income countries, as major gaps exist in the knowledge of environmental lead exposure and its effect on children in low- and middle-income areas. Elevated blood lead levels have been linked to a negative impact on children's school performance. Lead is released into the environment primarily from human activities. Despite the clearly adverse effects of lead on cognitive abilities, attention is scarce regarding environment lead exposure as a risk factor for cognitive abilities impairment.This study focused on reviewing epidemiological studies on the association between blood lead levels and cognitive abilities amongst young children and adolescents. Three hundred and twenty articles on such epidemiological studies were identified during a desktop-based search. The systematic literature search was conducted through various scientific or academic search engines such as PubMed, Ovid, SciELO, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Plos, ProQuest, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Medline Plus. The article title, keywords and abstract were searched. The screening of the articles was conducted by the principal researcher under the auspices of the study supervisor to determine article eligibility based on the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was stored and managed in the latest version of Mendeley management software. While, the latest version of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for statistical analysis.The data extraction, screening and inclusion process was presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) model. Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. There were seven cross-sectional design, five follow-up and four cohort studies included from different part of the world. The total population size of this study was 23 290 (mean = 1455.63; standard deviation = 2460.31), with a range of 11 to 8603 participants per study. The mean age (for blood lead sampling) was 9.2 with standard deviation of 4.42, ranging from two to twenty-four (24) years old. Blood lead levels in the studies included for analysis ranged between 0.65 μg/dl to 49.30 μg/dl, while the weighted mean average was 11.78 μg/dl (standard deviation of 15.10. The age group with the biggest average blood lead levels was between five years and fourteen years. The average blood lead levels for high income countries like the USA were lower than the average blood lead levels of middle- to low-income countries like Brazil, China, India and Egypt. Age, gender, race, socio-economic status, residing and studying in a lead-contaminated area, underlying health conditions, lead-contaminated home, parental educational levels, marital status of the caregiver, elevated bone lead levels and participants' behaviour were risk factors found influenced the impact of environmental lead exposure on cognitive abilitiesClear indications exist that environmental lead exposure has harmful effects on the cognitive functions of children, especially the parts that deal with the executive functions of the brain, such as decision making, reasoning and mathematics. Males seem to suffer more pronounced negative impacts of blood lead levels than females.

ISBN: 9798544210962Subjects--Topical Terms:

2205735
Biomarkers.

The Effects of Childhood Lead Exposure on the Cognitive Abilities of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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520 $a A great burden of lead exposure is experienced in South Africa and other middle- and low-income countries, as major gaps exist in the knowledge of environmental lead exposure and its effect on children in low- and middle-income areas. Elevated blood lead levels have been linked to a negative impact on children's school performance. Lead is released into the environment primarily from human activities. Despite the clearly adverse effects of lead on cognitive abilities, attention is scarce regarding environment lead exposure as a risk factor for cognitive abilities impairment.This study focused on reviewing epidemiological studies on the association between blood lead levels and cognitive abilities amongst young children and adolescents. Three hundred and twenty articles on such epidemiological studies were identified during a desktop-based search. The systematic literature search was conducted through various scientific or academic search engines such as PubMed, Ovid, SciELO, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Plos, ProQuest, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Medline Plus. The article title, keywords and abstract were searched. The screening of the articles was conducted by the principal researcher under the auspices of the study supervisor to determine article eligibility based on the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was stored and managed in the latest version of Mendeley management software. While, the latest version of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for statistical analysis.The data extraction, screening and inclusion process was presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) model. Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. There were seven cross-sectional design, five follow-up and four cohort studies included from different part of the world. The total population size of this study was 23 290 (mean = 1455.63; standard deviation = 2460.31), with a range of 11 to 8603 participants per study. The mean age (for blood lead sampling) was 9.2 with standard deviation of 4.42, ranging from two to twenty-four (24) years old. Blood lead levels in the studies included for analysis ranged between 0.65 μg/dl to 49.30 μg/dl, while the weighted mean average was 11.78 μg/dl (standard deviation of 15.10. The age group with the biggest average blood lead levels was between five years and fourteen years. The average blood lead levels for high income countries like the USA were lower than the average blood lead levels of middle- to low-income countries like Brazil, China, India and Egypt. Age, gender, race, socio-economic status, residing and studying in a lead-contaminated area, underlying health conditions, lead-contaminated home, parental educational levels, marital status of the caregiver, elevated bone lead levels and participants' behaviour were risk factors found influenced the impact of environmental lead exposure on cognitive abilitiesClear indications exist that environmental lead exposure has harmful effects on the cognitive functions of children, especially the parts that deal with the executive functions of the brain, such as decision making, reasoning and mathematics. Males seem to suffer more pronounced negative impacts of blood lead levels than females.
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