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Dynamic Navigational Coding in an Unchanging Environment.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Dynamic Navigational Coding in an Unchanging Environment./
Author:	Low, Isabel Iselin Cusick.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2022,
Description:	110 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-01B.
Subject:	Maps. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29176539
ISBN:	9798835549405

Dynamic Navigational Coding in an Unchanging Environment.
Low, Isabel Iselin Cusick.

Dynamic Navigational Coding in an Unchanging Environment. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022 - 110 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2022.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

In order to support complex behavior in a dynamic world, the brain must integrate internal conditions with external context. For example, during navigation an animal must combine its internal goals with sensory information to choose the appropriate actions and delineate con-textual episodes from continuous experience. The medial entorhinal cortex, a key navigational brain region, may support such dynamic integration through activity changes in single neurons, a phenomenon known as remapping. But previous studies have yet to uncover the specific impact of internal factors on remapping. Furthermore, successful integration of different internal and external factors likely relies on the coordination of many neurons, but it is not known how large populations of entorhinal neurons transition between different activity patterns together.I describe our discovery of dynamic, reversible, and population-wide remapping of spatial representations in the medial entorhinal cortex in an unchanging virtual environment (Chapters 2 - 4). Leveraging a k-means clustering model, I demonstrate that neurons all across the medial entorhinal cortex abruptly and synchronously transition between multiple maps of the same environment (Chapter 2). I next investigate the remapping responses of individual neurons and find that heterogeneity in single cell remapping patterns relates to functional cell type classifications (Chapter 3). I show that the neural population maintains a stable position estimate- despite widespread changes in spatial coding-through geometric alignment of the neural activity manifolds (Chapter 4). Variability around these manifolds and jumps between manifolds (remapping) correlates with changes in running speed, suggesting a relationship to internal state.Finally, I discuss the implications of my findings, both for navigational representations in the brain and flexible cortical coding more broadly (Chapter 5), I describe key avenues for future study, including ongoing work exploring how running speed and remapping relate to one another and how circuit interactions between functional cell types support flexible navigational coding. In two appendices, I discuss extensions of my primary work. I describe how spontaneous remapping relates to across environment remapping and explore the heterogeneity in remapping patterns across animals (Chapter 6). Further, I provide preliminary modeling results indicating that geometrically aligned manifolds are a general solution to the challenge of simultaneous navigation and context discrimination (Chapter 7). Together my findings reveal the incredible capacity of higher-order cortex to rapidly reconfigure largescale neural representations in response to behavioral state changes, tying into a larger body of emerging studies of dynamic neural coding and laying the groundwork for future research directions.

ISBN: 9798835549405Subjects--Topical Terms:

544078
Maps.

Dynamic Navigational Coding in an Unchanging Environment.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2022.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a In order to support complex behavior in a dynamic world, the brain must integrate internal conditions with external context. For example, during navigation an animal must combine its internal goals with sensory information to choose the appropriate actions and delineate con-textual episodes from continuous experience. The medial entorhinal cortex, a key navigational brain region, may support such dynamic integration through activity changes in single neurons, a phenomenon known as remapping. But previous studies have yet to uncover the specific impact of internal factors on remapping. Furthermore, successful integration of different internal and external factors likely relies on the coordination of many neurons, but it is not known how large populations of entorhinal neurons transition between different activity patterns together.I describe our discovery of dynamic, reversible, and population-wide remapping of spatial representations in the medial entorhinal cortex in an unchanging virtual environment (Chapters 2 - 4). Leveraging a k-means clustering model, I demonstrate that neurons all across the medial entorhinal cortex abruptly and synchronously transition between multiple maps of the same environment (Chapter 2). I next investigate the remapping responses of individual neurons and find that heterogeneity in single cell remapping patterns relates to functional cell type classifications (Chapter 3). I show that the neural population maintains a stable position estimate- despite widespread changes in spatial coding-through geometric alignment of the neural activity manifolds (Chapter 4). Variability around these manifolds and jumps between manifolds (remapping) correlates with changes in running speed, suggesting a relationship to internal state.Finally, I discuss the implications of my findings, both for navigational representations in the brain and flexible cortical coding more broadly (Chapter 5), I describe key avenues for future study, including ongoing work exploring how running speed and remapping relate to one another and how circuit interactions between functional cell types support flexible navigational coding. In two appendices, I discuss extensions of my primary work. I describe how spontaneous remapping relates to across environment remapping and explore the heterogeneity in remapping patterns across animals (Chapter 6). Further, I provide preliminary modeling results indicating that geometrically aligned manifolds are a general solution to the challenge of simultaneous navigation and context discrimination (Chapter 7). Together my findings reveal the incredible capacity of higher-order cortex to rapidly reconfigure largescale neural representations in response to behavioral state changes, tying into a larger body of emerging studies of dynamic neural coding and laying the groundwork for future research directions.
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