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The Role of Intralocus Sexual Conflict in the Evolutionary Maintenance of Alternative Reproductive Tactics.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Role of Intralocus Sexual Conflict in the Evolutionary Maintenance of Alternative Reproductive Tactics./
作者:	Gamble, Madilyn Marisa.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2022,
面頁冊數:	150 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11B.
標題:	Evolution & development. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29169347
ISBN:	9798438758730

The Role of Intralocus Sexual Conflict in the Evolutionary Maintenance of Alternative Reproductive Tactics.
Gamble, Madilyn Marisa.

The Role of Intralocus Sexual Conflict in the Evolutionary Maintenance of Alternative Reproductive Tactics. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022 - 150 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dartmouth College, 2022.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Intraspecific variation is ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. This variation is paradoxical because individuals of the same species share most of their genes, and selection should minimize variation in favor of adaptive genotypes and phenotypes over time. The most commonly cited mechanism for the maintenance of variation within a species is negative frequency-dependent selection, a process by which the rare morph has higher fitness than the common morph. While negative frequency-dependent selection has been demonstrated in wild populations, there are other forms of variable selection that may also maintain variation. One such mechanism is sexually antagonistic selection, in which the same trait has different fitness optima in males compared to females. If the trait in question is determined by the same genetic architecture in both sexes, intralocus sexual conflict ensues, and the trait is caught in a tug-of-war between values that confer high fitness to females and values that confer high fitness to males. This dissertation seeks to explore how intralocus sexual conflict could affect the maintenance of a specific kind of intraspecific variation: alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). In the first chapter I estimate sex- and tactic-specific selection gradients on and heritability of length in a wild population of Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to explore whether intralocus conflict over length exists between sexes and tactics. In the second chapter, I explore the conditions under which intralocus sexual conflict can maintain ARTs. Finally, in the third chapter I explore how sex-specific heritabilities of length in multiple species and populations of Pacific salmon affect the evolutionary consequences of artificial selection on male length. I conclude that (1) low intersexual heritabilities of length avoid intralocus conflict in Coho salmon, (2) intralocus sexual conflict is capable of maintaining male ARTs even when selection does not act on males directly, and (3) artificial selection against small male salmon is unlikely to result in evolution of female length because of low heritability of length between sires and daughters. This research reveals that understanding the maintenance of sex-specific ARTs requires understanding selection on both sexes and the sex-specific heritability of variable traits.

ISBN: 9798438758730Subjects--Topical Terms:

3172418
Evolution & development.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Alternative reproductive tactics

The Role of Intralocus Sexual Conflict in the Evolutionary Maintenance of Alternative Reproductive Tactics.
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520 $a Intraspecific variation is ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. This variation is paradoxical because individuals of the same species share most of their genes, and selection should minimize variation in favor of adaptive genotypes and phenotypes over time. The most commonly cited mechanism for the maintenance of variation within a species is negative frequency-dependent selection, a process by which the rare morph has higher fitness than the common morph. While negative frequency-dependent selection has been demonstrated in wild populations, there are other forms of variable selection that may also maintain variation. One such mechanism is sexually antagonistic selection, in which the same trait has different fitness optima in males compared to females. If the trait in question is determined by the same genetic architecture in both sexes, intralocus sexual conflict ensues, and the trait is caught in a tug-of-war between values that confer high fitness to females and values that confer high fitness to males. This dissertation seeks to explore how intralocus sexual conflict could affect the maintenance of a specific kind of intraspecific variation: alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). In the first chapter I estimate sex- and tactic-specific selection gradients on and heritability of length in a wild population of Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to explore whether intralocus conflict over length exists between sexes and tactics. In the second chapter, I explore the conditions under which intralocus sexual conflict can maintain ARTs. Finally, in the third chapter I explore how sex-specific heritabilities of length in multiple species and populations of Pacific salmon affect the evolutionary consequences of artificial selection on male length. I conclude that (1) low intersexual heritabilities of length avoid intralocus conflict in Coho salmon, (2) intralocus sexual conflict is capable of maintaining male ARTs even when selection does not act on males directly, and (3) artificial selection against small male salmon is unlikely to result in evolution of female length because of low heritability of length between sires and daughters. This research reveals that understanding the maintenance of sex-specific ARTs requires understanding selection on both sexes and the sex-specific heritability of variable traits.
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