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Nanosecond-Pulsed Pin-To-Liquid Discharges for the Degradation of Recalcitrant Aqueous Organic Pollutants.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Nanosecond-Pulsed Pin-To-Liquid Discharges for the Degradation of Recalcitrant Aqueous Organic Pollutants./
Author:	Puertas, Maria Elena Corella .
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
Description:	216 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-03B.
Subject:	Plasma. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28730906
ISBN:	9798544220893

Nanosecond-Pulsed Pin-To-Liquid Discharges for the Degradation of Recalcitrant Aqueous Organic Pollutants.
Puertas, Maria Elena Corella .

Nanosecond-Pulsed Pin-To-Liquid Discharges for the Degradation of Recalcitrant Aqueous Organic Pollutants. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 216 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McGill University (Canada), 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

In this PhD thesis, a plasma-based reactor was developed for treating water contaminated with persistent organic pollutants. Specifically, the chosen configuration was a pin-to-liquid discharge reactor (gas discharge contacting the liquid surface), powered by repetitively pulsed nanosecond discharges. The initial proof-of-concept was achieved with a preliminary pin-to-liquid discharge configuration by testing the degradation of the methylene blue dye. In the present work, 84 % removal of methylene blue (7 mg/L nominal initial concentration, 1 ml) was achieved after 11 min of treatment without stirring the solution, which is improved until almost complete removal by introducing mixing. The preliminary configuration allowed to study and optimize operating parameters (stirring, voltage, pulse frequency, electrode polarity). Stirring the solution and increasing the voltage and pulse frequency led to more effective dye removal, whereas switching electrode polarity had little effect. Regarding transport of species within not-stirred solutions, an area of convective transport linked to Marangoni flow was observed close to the liquid surface, whereas in the bulk of the liquid mass transport was limited by diffusion. The knowledge gained through the preliminary configuration helped to design and construct a compact, nanosecondpulsed pin-to-liquid discharge reactor (7.5 ml sample volume), which was used in the remaining part of the present work. In the process of choosing a suitable material for the high-voltage pin electrode, an extensive literature review revealed that various electrode materials erode in in-liquid discharge configurations, but there was no data available on the erosion of gas-side, high-voltage pin electrodes with above-liquid discharges. Therefore, the compact pin-to-liquid discharge reactor was used to study the erosion of high-voltage pin electrodes, using three different electrode materials (stainless steel, copper and hafnium) with two plasma gases (air, oxygen). Electrode erosion was observed for all studied cases, producing crater-like morphologies on the pin electrode tips and releasing metals in ionic and particle form into the plasma-treated water. The electrode material did not influence the energy deposited per pulse. Based on the results of this study, the preferred material was stainless steel for its low erosion rate in both plasma gases and its ii inexpensiveness. Furthermore, the effect of metals introduced through electrode erosion on reactive species in plasma-treated water was investigated over four weeks post-plasma exposure. Three long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (H2O2, NO2 - and NO3 - ) were detected in plasma-treated water, and their concentration and lifetime were not affected by the electrode material.The ultimate application of the plasma-based reactor was the degradation of a particularly persistent aqueous pollutant, the pharmaceutical diatrizoate (DTZ). Conventional wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove DTZ, which has been detected in various aqueous environments such as surface waters, groundwaters and wastewater treatment effluents in numerous countries, with concentrations ranging from ng/L to µg/L. Oxygen and air plasmas were used for DTZ removal, with oxygen plasma performing better (e.g. after 20 min treatment of 200 µg/L DTZ in pure water, oxygen led to 90% degradation whereas air achieved 20% degradation).

ISBN: 9798544220893Subjects--Topical Terms:

877619
Plasma.

Nanosecond-Pulsed Pin-To-Liquid Discharges for the Degradation of Recalcitrant Aqueous Organic Pollutants.
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035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI28730906
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100 1 $a Puertas, Maria Elena Corella . $3 3686410
245 1 0 $a Nanosecond-Pulsed Pin-To-Liquid Discharges for the Degradation of Recalcitrant Aqueous Organic Pollutants.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2021
300 $a 216 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Coulombe, Sylvain;Yargeau, Viviane.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--McGill University (Canada), 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a In this PhD thesis, a plasma-based reactor was developed for treating water contaminated with persistent organic pollutants. Specifically, the chosen configuration was a pin-to-liquid discharge reactor (gas discharge contacting the liquid surface), powered by repetitively pulsed nanosecond discharges. The initial proof-of-concept was achieved with a preliminary pin-to-liquid discharge configuration by testing the degradation of the methylene blue dye. In the present work, 84 % removal of methylene blue (7 mg/L nominal initial concentration, 1 ml) was achieved after 11 min of treatment without stirring the solution, which is improved until almost complete removal by introducing mixing. The preliminary configuration allowed to study and optimize operating parameters (stirring, voltage, pulse frequency, electrode polarity). Stirring the solution and increasing the voltage and pulse frequency led to more effective dye removal, whereas switching electrode polarity had little effect. Regarding transport of species within not-stirred solutions, an area of convective transport linked to Marangoni flow was observed close to the liquid surface, whereas in the bulk of the liquid mass transport was limited by diffusion. The knowledge gained through the preliminary configuration helped to design and construct a compact, nanosecondpulsed pin-to-liquid discharge reactor (7.5 ml sample volume), which was used in the remaining part of the present work. In the process of choosing a suitable material for the high-voltage pin electrode, an extensive literature review revealed that various electrode materials erode in in-liquid discharge configurations, but there was no data available on the erosion of gas-side, high-voltage pin electrodes with above-liquid discharges. Therefore, the compact pin-to-liquid discharge reactor was used to study the erosion of high-voltage pin electrodes, using three different electrode materials (stainless steel, copper and hafnium) with two plasma gases (air, oxygen). Electrode erosion was observed for all studied cases, producing crater-like morphologies on the pin electrode tips and releasing metals in ionic and particle form into the plasma-treated water. The electrode material did not influence the energy deposited per pulse. Based on the results of this study, the preferred material was stainless steel for its low erosion rate in both plasma gases and its ii inexpensiveness. Furthermore, the effect of metals introduced through electrode erosion on reactive species in plasma-treated water was investigated over four weeks post-plasma exposure. Three long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (H2O2, NO2 - and NO3 - ) were detected in plasma-treated water, and their concentration and lifetime were not affected by the electrode material.The ultimate application of the plasma-based reactor was the degradation of a particularly persistent aqueous pollutant, the pharmaceutical diatrizoate (DTZ). Conventional wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove DTZ, which has been detected in various aqueous environments such as surface waters, groundwaters and wastewater treatment effluents in numerous countries, with concentrations ranging from ng/L to µg/L. Oxygen and air plasmas were used for DTZ removal, with oxygen plasma performing better (e.g. after 20 min treatment of 200 µg/L DTZ in pure water, oxygen led to 90% degradation whereas air achieved 20% degradation).
520 $a Dans le cadre de cette these de doctorat, un reacteur a plasma a ete developpe pour traiter l'eau contaminee par des polluants organiques persistants. Plus precisement, la configuration choisie etait un reacteur a tige metallique fine au-dessus du liquide alimente par des decharges de nanosecondes pulsees de maniere repetitive. La demonstration de faisabilite a ete realisee avec une configuration preliminaire en evaluant la degradation du colorant bleu de methylene. Dans les presents travaux, une elimination de 84 % du bleu de methylene (concentration initiale nominale de 7 mg/L, 1 ml) a ete obtenue apres 11 minutes de traitement sans agitation de la solution, qui est amelioree jusqu'a l'elimination presque complete avec agitation du liquide. La configuration preliminaire a permis d'etudier et d'optimiser les parametres de fonctionnement (agitation, tension, frequence des impulsions, polarite des electrodes). L'agitation de la solution et l'augmentation de la tension et de la frequence des impulsions ont permis d'accelerer l'elimination du colorant, tandis que l'echange de la polarite des electrodes a eu peu d'effet. En ce qui concerne le transport du colorant et des especes reactives dans les solutions non agitees, une zone de transport convectif lie a la force de Marangoni a ete observee pres de la surface du liquide, alors que sous cette zone, le transfert de masse etait limite a la diffusion. Les connaissances acquises grace a la configuration preliminaire ont permis de concevoir et de construire un reacteur compact a tige metallique fine au-dessus du liquide pulse a la nanoseconde (volume de solution de 7,5 ml).Lors du processus de selection d'un materiau approprie pour l'electrode haute tension a tige, une revue de la litterature approfondie a revele que divers materiaux d'electrode s'erodent lors de decharges dans le liquide, mais il n'y avait pas de donnees disponibles sur l'erosion des electrodes haute tension a tige lors de decharges au-dessus de la surface du liquide. En consequence, le reacteur compact a ete utilise pour etudier l'erosion des electrodes haute tension a tige, en utilisant trois materiaux d'electrode differents (acier inoxydable, cuivre et hafnium) dans deux gaz plasmagenes (air, oxygene). L'erosion des electrodes a ete observee dans tous les cas etudies, produisant des morphologies en forme de cratere sur les extremites des electrodes a tige et liberant des metaux sous forme d'ions et de particules dans l'eau traitee par plasma. Le materiau de iv l'electrode n'a pas influence l'energie appliquee par impulsion. Sur la base des resultats de cette etude, le materiau a privilegie etait l'acier inoxydable pour son faible taux d'erosion dans les deux gaz porteurs du plasma et son bas prix. En outre, l'effet des metaux introduits par l'erosion des electrodes sur les especes reactives dans l'eau traitee au plasma a ete etudie pendant quatre semaines apres l'exposition au plasma.
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