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Mapping the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sensorimotor Integration during the Perception and Performance of Swallowing.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Mapping the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sensorimotor Integration during the Perception and Performance of Swallowing./
Author:	Cuellar, Megan E.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2014,
Description:	65 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 76-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International76-05B.
Subject:	Neurosciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3645777
ISBN:	9781321351712

Mapping the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sensorimotor Integration during the Perception and Performance of Swallowing.
Cuellar, Megan E.

Mapping the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sensorimotor Integration during the Perception and Performance of Swallowing. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2014 - 65 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 76-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2014.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Similar to other complex sequences of muscle activity, swallowing relies heavily upon 'sensorimotor integration.' It is well known that the premotor cortex and primary sensorimotor cortices provide critical sensorimotor contributions that help control the strength and timing of swallowing muscle effectors. However, the temporal dynamics of sensorimotor integration remains unclear, even when performed normally without neurological compromise. Recent advances in EEG analysis blind source separation techniques via independent component analysis offer a novel and exciting opportunity to measure cortical sensorimotor activity in real-time during swallowing, concurrently with muscle activity during swallow initiation. In the current study, mu components were identified, with characteristic alpha (∼10 Hz) and beta (∼20 Hz) frequency bands. Spectral power within these frequency bands are known to index somatosensory and motor activity, respectively. Twenty-five adult participants produced swallowing and tongue tapping (motor control) tasks. Additionally they were asked to watch a video depicting swallowing and a scrambled kaleidoscope (perceptual control) version of this same video. Independent component analysis of raw EEG signals identified bilateral clusters of mu components, maximally localized to the premotor cortex (BA6) in 19 participants during the production and the perception tasks. Event related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis was used to identify spectral power within alpha and beta peaks of the mu cluster across time. Alpha and beta event-related desynchronization (ERD), indicative of somatosensory and motor activity, was revealed for both tongue tapping and swallowing beginning at ∼500 ms following a visual cue to "go." However, the patterns of ERD are stronger (pFDR<.05) in the right mu cluster in swallowing vs. tongue tapping. These findings were interpreted as being indicative of normal sensorimotor loops involved in swallowing arising from the need to produce complex motor movements with accurate guidance and feedback. Beta ERD is speculated to index motor activity both from muscle contraction and internal modeling, while alpha ERD is thought to index feedback to premotor cortex, helping to update internal models and guide future movements. The findings in this study are consistent with notions that the premotor cortex functions as a sensorimotor processing hub for feedforward and feedback driven sensorimotor loops necessary in motor control. Alpha and beta ERD are revealed when participants watched videos of swallowing, and was stronger ( pFDR<.05) than when watching the control video. It is posited that watching biologically relevant videos (e.g., swallowing) induces a form of covert replay, which induces similar patterns of sensorimotor activity when compared to patterns of sensorimotor activity during the performance of swallowing. Overall, the results of this study suggest that using the novel techniques performed in this study offer exciting opportunities to measure functional changes in mu ERD during swallowing, which may be applied to provide better understanding of the effects that various phase-specific (oral vs. pharyngeal and esophageal) swallowing impairments have upon the integrity of feedforward and feedback driven SMI during swallowing. In doing so, perhaps a better understanding may be obtained regarding the therapeutic effects of sensorimotor swallowing treatments upon cortical SMI during swallowing.

ISBN: 9781321351712Subjects--Topical Terms:

588700
Neurosciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Electroencephalography

Mapping the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sensorimotor Integration during the Perception and Performance of Swallowing.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
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