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On the Improvements of Boundary-Layer Representation for High-Resolution Weather Forecasting in Coastal-Urban Environments.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	On the Improvements of Boundary-Layer Representation for High-Resolution Weather Forecasting in Coastal-Urban Environments./
作者:	Melecio-Vazquez, David.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	144 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-04B.
標題:	Atmospheric sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28720684
ISBN:	9798544293279

On the Improvements of Boundary-Layer Representation for High-Resolution Weather Forecasting in Coastal-Urban Environments.
Melecio-Vazquez, David.

On the Improvements of Boundary-Layer Representation for High-Resolution Weather Forecasting in Coastal-Urban Environments. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 144 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The City College of New York, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

As large urban centers around the world become more densely populated, the global conversion from natural to man-made land surfaces will only increase. These land-use changes affect the urban surface energy budget which in turn changes the structure of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) above. With current high-performance computing systems, meteorological and built environment information can be better utilized to quantify the anthropogenic effects of these modifications. Although these systems have improved forecasting near-surface weather conditions, a comprehensive approach to represent urban impacts on the PBL is still limited. Improved PBL representation can lead to better weather and climate forecasts, benefitting human health, risk reduction from extreme weather events, improved management of airport runways, and better planning for renewable energy resources. In this dissertation, coastal-urban boundary-layers are investigated to provide: (1) a climatology of coastal-urban PBL thermal structure, (2) an evaluation of a PBL scheme newly coupled to a multilayer urban parameterization, and (3) insights for operational weather forecasting. Ground-based remote sensing is thus used to determine PBL structure over high-density New York City for a summer and winter season to provide insights for a modeling effort. The modeling focused on the evaluation of the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in the simulation of NYC impacts during a three-day regional heat wave and sea breeze event. The study proposes a new WRF configuration within the US National Weather Service (NWS)-National Ocean and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecast model. The goal is an improved PBL representation at a high resolution of 1-km grid over coastal cities by a coupling of the state-of-the-art multi-layer Building Environment Parameterization (BEP) and the Building Energy Model (BEM) schemes to three PBL options, including a first-time linkage with the operational Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) Eddy Diffusivity and Mass Flux (EDMF) scheme. Results showed that climatological clear-sky conditions produced a winter and summer shallow above-rooftop daytime superadiabatic layer that persisted into the night, unlike the traditional surface inversion found over non-coastal, non-urban surfaces. Above this shallow layer, a persistent elevated stable region was found. The heat event WRF simulations showed that MYNN-EDMF produces the best performance in comparisons to observed surface temperatures and sea-breeze front progression, with the BouLac PBL scheme best for surface wind speed. MYNN-EDMF also was the most accurate in reproducing the rural PBL case study observations, while its urban PBL structures were most like the climatological thermal structures. Future efforts should utilize a TKE formulation that includes advection to better capture internal boundary layer effects and more precisely evaluate PBL heights. Future efforts should further refine the anthropogenic heat and building drag formulations, which will further reduce WRF urban temperature and wind speed biases, respectively. It is finally recommended that future NYC-area investigations include case-study and climatological observations at optimal locations for observing the interactions between the urban environment and sea-breeze systems.

ISBN: 9798544293279Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168354
Atmospheric sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Coastal meteorology

On the Improvements of Boundary-Layer Representation for High-Resolution Weather Forecasting in Coastal-Urban Environments.
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520 $a As large urban centers around the world become more densely populated, the global conversion from natural to man-made land surfaces will only increase. These land-use changes affect the urban surface energy budget which in turn changes the structure of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) above. With current high-performance computing systems, meteorological and built environment information can be better utilized to quantify the anthropogenic effects of these modifications. Although these systems have improved forecasting near-surface weather conditions, a comprehensive approach to represent urban impacts on the PBL is still limited. Improved PBL representation can lead to better weather and climate forecasts, benefitting human health, risk reduction from extreme weather events, improved management of airport runways, and better planning for renewable energy resources. In this dissertation, coastal-urban boundary-layers are investigated to provide: (1) a climatology of coastal-urban PBL thermal structure, (2) an evaluation of a PBL scheme newly coupled to a multilayer urban parameterization, and (3) insights for operational weather forecasting. Ground-based remote sensing is thus used to determine PBL structure over high-density New York City for a summer and winter season to provide insights for a modeling effort. The modeling focused on the evaluation of the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in the simulation of NYC impacts during a three-day regional heat wave and sea breeze event. The study proposes a new WRF configuration within the US National Weather Service (NWS)-National Ocean and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecast model. The goal is an improved PBL representation at a high resolution of 1-km grid over coastal cities by a coupling of the state-of-the-art multi-layer Building Environment Parameterization (BEP) and the Building Energy Model (BEM) schemes to three PBL options, including a first-time linkage with the operational Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) Eddy Diffusivity and Mass Flux (EDMF) scheme. Results showed that climatological clear-sky conditions produced a winter and summer shallow above-rooftop daytime superadiabatic layer that persisted into the night, unlike the traditional surface inversion found over non-coastal, non-urban surfaces. Above this shallow layer, a persistent elevated stable region was found. The heat event WRF simulations showed that MYNN-EDMF produces the best performance in comparisons to observed surface temperatures and sea-breeze front progression, with the BouLac PBL scheme best for surface wind speed. MYNN-EDMF also was the most accurate in reproducing the rural PBL case study observations, while its urban PBL structures were most like the climatological thermal structures. Future efforts should utilize a TKE formulation that includes advection to better capture internal boundary layer effects and more precisely evaluate PBL heights. Future efforts should further refine the anthropogenic heat and building drag formulations, which will further reduce WRF urban temperature and wind speed biases, respectively. It is finally recommended that future NYC-area investigations include case-study and climatological observations at optimal locations for observing the interactions between the urban environment and sea-breeze systems.
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