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Porcine Astrovirus Type 3 as a Cause of Central Nervous System Disease in Swine: Retrospective Identification of Diagnostic Cases, Molecular Characterization and Experimental Reproduction of Disease.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Porcine Astrovirus Type 3 as a Cause of Central Nervous System Disease in Swine: Retrospective Identification of Diagnostic Cases, Molecular Characterization and Experimental Reproduction of Disease./
作者:	Matias Ferreyra, Franco S.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	177 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-04B.
標題:	Pathology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28646570
ISBN:	9798492745073

Porcine Astrovirus Type 3 as a Cause of Central Nervous System Disease in Swine: Retrospective Identification of Diagnostic Cases, Molecular Characterization and Experimental Reproduction of Disease.
Matias Ferreyra, Franco S.

Porcine Astrovirus Type 3 as a Cause of Central Nervous System Disease in Swine: Retrospective Identification of Diagnostic Cases, Molecular Characterization and Experimental Reproduction of Disease. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 177 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Iowa State University, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Porcine astrovirus type 3 (PoAstV3) is an emerging swine pathogen associated with central nervous system (CNS) disease. Its association with cases of CNS disease in swine was unrecognized until two simultaneous publications highlighted the involvement of this virus as a putative cause of polioencephalomyelitis in swine 2017.In order to elucidate multiple aspects of the pathogenesis, clinical presentation and course of disease of this virus, a retrospective study involving CNS diagnostic cases sent to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory with histologic lesions consistent with a viral etiology was performed to investigate the plausible association of this virus as cause of CNS disease. PoAstV3 RNA was detected within histologic lesions in the CNS by RNA in situ hybridization in 13 out of 50 cases that originated from multiple farms and different production stages over a six year time period. PoAstV3 RNA tissue distribution was assessed in three cases by RT-qPCR. PoAstv3 was rarely detected outside of the CNS at time of clinical disease. The results of this study supports the role of PoAstV3 as a recurring putative cause of viral encephalomyelitis in swine.One of the most important obstacles in the research of PoAstV3-associated disease is the inability to replicate PoAstV3 in cell culture systems. This impediment is also observed with other neurotropic astroviruses where viral isolation and propagation are an infructuous task. As a result, we opted to perform whole genome and in silico characterization of several PoAstV3 strains. The results of this study, consisting of the largest collection of PoAstV3 genomes, describes previously uncharacterized secondary RNA structures intrinsic viral replication. In addition, we identified the secondary structure of the putative genome-linked viral protein (VPg) and several epitopes within its capsid protein. This study also identifies conserved antigens located at the VP27 capsid spike domain, one of the most immunogenic domains at the viral surface. The results from this study broaden our knowledge and understanding of this single stranded RNA virus, emphasizing previously unknown motifs and structures within its genome that could likely be utilized for the development of future immunogens and immunodiagnostic assays.Finally, to further investigate the pathogenesis of PoAstV3, CNS tissue homogenate containing PoAstV3 was administered to cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived (CDCD) pigs. Clinical signs similar to those in cases of natural disease including tetraparesis and ataxia were observed. Histologic lesions consistent with a viral etiology (gliosis, neuronal necrosis and lymphocytic perivascular cuffing) were noted in all inoculated animals, and PoAstV3 was detected in affected tissues including dorsal root ganglion and nerve roots using in situ hybridization. An immune response to the coding region of the vp27 gene, part of the PoAstV3 ORF2 capsid, was detected by an indirect ELISA in all inoculated animals.

ISBN: 9798492745073Subjects--Topical Terms:

643180
Pathology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Animal model

Porcine Astrovirus Type 3 as a Cause of Central Nervous System Disease in Swine: Retrospective Identification of Diagnostic Cases, Molecular Characterization and Experimental Reproduction of Disease.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Porcine astrovirus type 3 (PoAstV3) is an emerging swine pathogen associated with central nervous system (CNS) disease. Its association with cases of CNS disease in swine was unrecognized until two simultaneous publications highlighted the involvement of this virus as a putative cause of polioencephalomyelitis in swine 2017.In order to elucidate multiple aspects of the pathogenesis, clinical presentation and course of disease of this virus, a retrospective study involving CNS diagnostic cases sent to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory with histologic lesions consistent with a viral etiology was performed to investigate the plausible association of this virus as cause of CNS disease. PoAstV3 RNA was detected within histologic lesions in the CNS by RNA in situ hybridization in 13 out of 50 cases that originated from multiple farms and different production stages over a six year time period. PoAstV3 RNA tissue distribution was assessed in three cases by RT-qPCR. PoAstv3 was rarely detected outside of the CNS at time of clinical disease. The results of this study supports the role of PoAstV3 as a recurring putative cause of viral encephalomyelitis in swine.One of the most important obstacles in the research of PoAstV3-associated disease is the inability to replicate PoAstV3 in cell culture systems. This impediment is also observed with other neurotropic astroviruses where viral isolation and propagation are an infructuous task. As a result, we opted to perform whole genome and in silico characterization of several PoAstV3 strains. The results of this study, consisting of the largest collection of PoAstV3 genomes, describes previously uncharacterized secondary RNA structures intrinsic viral replication. In addition, we identified the secondary structure of the putative genome-linked viral protein (VPg) and several epitopes within its capsid protein. This study also identifies conserved antigens located at the VP27 capsid spike domain, one of the most immunogenic domains at the viral surface. The results from this study broaden our knowledge and understanding of this single stranded RNA virus, emphasizing previously unknown motifs and structures within its genome that could likely be utilized for the development of future immunogens and immunodiagnostic assays.Finally, to further investigate the pathogenesis of PoAstV3, CNS tissue homogenate containing PoAstV3 was administered to cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived (CDCD) pigs. Clinical signs similar to those in cases of natural disease including tetraparesis and ataxia were observed. Histologic lesions consistent with a viral etiology (gliosis, neuronal necrosis and lymphocytic perivascular cuffing) were noted in all inoculated animals, and PoAstV3 was detected in affected tissues including dorsal root ganglion and nerve roots using in situ hybridization. An immune response to the coding region of the vp27 gene, part of the PoAstV3 ORF2 capsid, was detected by an indirect ELISA in all inoculated animals.
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