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Neuropsychological Intra-Individual ...

Aita, Stephen L.

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Neuropsychological Intra-Individual Variability: Review and Meta-Analysis in Clinical Adult Samples.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Neuropsychological Intra-Individual Variability: Review and Meta-Analysis in Clinical Adult Samples./
作者:	Aita, Stephen L.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	193 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-01B.
標題:	Clinical psychology. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28002514
ISBN:	9798641503158

Neuropsychological Intra-Individual Variability: Review and Meta-Analysis in Clinical Adult Samples.
Aita, Stephen L.

Neuropsychological Intra-Individual Variability: Review and Meta-Analysis in Clinical Adult Samples. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 193 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Alabama, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

BACKGROUND: Neuropsychological intra-individual variability (IIV) broadly refers to within-person cognitive fluctuation. There is mounting evidence suggesting IIV is a sensitive measure of neurologic integrity. Studies often assess IIV within a task (consistency) and/or across tasks (dispersion). No studies have conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of cognitive consistency and dispersion across clinical adult samples. OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis sought to (1) summarize effect sizes of cognitive consistency and dispersion in three (medical, psychiatric, neurological) clinical aggregates, (2) determine the effect of correcting consistency and dispersion by individual-mean, and (3) compare consistency and dispersion cognitive IIV. METHODS: Eight databases within the EBSCO network as well as ProQuest Dissertations & Theses were searched for original research comparing cognitive IIV between clinical and control samples. Studies were coded using a complex multi-comparison, outcome, and subgroup schema. Data were analyzed under random-effects modeling. RESULTS: Of 2,962 studies identified, 87 were retained for primary and ancillary meta-analyses (510 effect sizes extracted; 8,375 clinical and 20,259 control participants represented). Primary results indicated moderate combined effect sizes across all consistency [g = 0.56] and dispersion [g = 0.56] studies. Non-trivial effects were also observed in the consistency [medical: g = 0.42; psychiatric: g = 0.69; neurological: g = 0.54] and dispersion [medical: g = 0.30; psychiatric: g = 0.85; neurological: g = 0.71] clinical/pathology aggregates. Effect sizes for both IIV methodologies were mildly to moderately attenuated when adjusting for individual-mean. Results were inconsistent regarding whether dispersion studies yielded greater effect sizes than consistency but there was a trend for dispersion being more a more sensitive index of IIV. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this meta-analysis indicated clinical samples demonstrated significantly elevated IIV compared to controls. Moderation analyses suggested a positive relation between IIV and individual-mean. Dispersion may be a more sensitive method to measure neural health in clinical samples.

ISBN: 9798641503158Subjects--Topical Terms:

524863
Clinical psychology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Clinical neuropsychology

Neuropsychological Intra-Individual Variability: Review and Meta-Analysis in Clinical Adult Samples.
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300 $a 193 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Hill, Benjamin D.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Alabama, 2020.
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520 $a BACKGROUND: Neuropsychological intra-individual variability (IIV) broadly refers to within-person cognitive fluctuation. There is mounting evidence suggesting IIV is a sensitive measure of neurologic integrity. Studies often assess IIV within a task (consistency) and/or across tasks (dispersion). No studies have conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of cognitive consistency and dispersion across clinical adult samples. OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis sought to (1) summarize effect sizes of cognitive consistency and dispersion in three (medical, psychiatric, neurological) clinical aggregates, (2) determine the effect of correcting consistency and dispersion by individual-mean, and (3) compare consistency and dispersion cognitive IIV. METHODS: Eight databases within the EBSCO network as well as ProQuest Dissertations & Theses were searched for original research comparing cognitive IIV between clinical and control samples. Studies were coded using a complex multi-comparison, outcome, and subgroup schema. Data were analyzed under random-effects modeling. RESULTS: Of 2,962 studies identified, 87 were retained for primary and ancillary meta-analyses (510 effect sizes extracted; 8,375 clinical and 20,259 control participants represented). Primary results indicated moderate combined effect sizes across all consistency [g = 0.56] and dispersion [g = 0.56] studies. Non-trivial effects were also observed in the consistency [medical: g = 0.42; psychiatric: g = 0.69; neurological: g = 0.54] and dispersion [medical: g = 0.30; psychiatric: g = 0.85; neurological: g = 0.71] clinical/pathology aggregates. Effect sizes for both IIV methodologies were mildly to moderately attenuated when adjusting for individual-mean. Results were inconsistent regarding whether dispersion studies yielded greater effect sizes than consistency but there was a trend for dispersion being more a more sensitive index of IIV. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this meta-analysis indicated clinical samples demonstrated significantly elevated IIV compared to controls. Moderation analyses suggested a positive relation between IIV and individual-mean. Dispersion may be a more sensitive method to measure neural health in clinical samples.
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