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An Evaluation of the Feasibility of ...

Stearns, Joseph.

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An Evaluation of the Feasibility of the Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method in Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Fine Sediment and Highly Saline, Shallow Embayments.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	An Evaluation of the Feasibility of the Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method in Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Fine Sediment and Highly Saline, Shallow Embayments./
Author:	Stearns, Joseph.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	78 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-08.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International81-08.
Subject:	Geology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27665516
ISBN:	9781392817131

An Evaluation of the Feasibility of the Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method in Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Fine Sediment and Highly Saline, Shallow Embayments.
Stearns, Joseph.

An Evaluation of the Feasibility of the Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method in Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Fine Sediment and Highly Saline, Shallow Embayments. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 78 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-08.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

There is uncertainty surrounding the application of the time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method in quantifying submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The technique has been proven effective in areas with significant differences in salinity between surface water and discharging groundwater. However, there are inherent limitations associated with the method when studying embayments with fine bottom sediments, highly saline porewaters, and shallow surface waters. To evaluate this approach, a 68-hour, time-lapse ERT study was conducted at University Beach (Michael et al.) in Corpus Christi, Texas, constrained by concomitant measurements of naturally occurring isotope tracers and groundwater characterizations along the ERT profile. Surface water continuous 222Rn measurements were conducted to calculate SGD rates. To constrain subsurface fluid conductivity measurements along the profile, inversion models were produced to derive modeled values via Archie's Law (AL) and the Waxman-Smits equation (WSE). The average ERT-derived SGD rate for the study period was 26 ± 0.65 cm∙d−1. Average tracer-derived rates using the deep well endmember were 69 ± 26, 49 ± 1, 80 ± 2, and 21 ± 0.5 cm∙d−1 corresponding to 222Rn, 223Ra, 224Ra, and 226Ra, respectively. Over the course of the study 222Rn SGD estimates increased, while ERT and radium isotope estimates tended to decrease. There were no significant differences between the model accuracy of AL (R2 = 0.489, p = 0.00012) and the WSE (R2 = 0.488, p = 0.00013), thus there is no evidence that negatively charged clay particles in the subsurface matrix had any latent influence on the ERT measurements. Temperature, however, was found to be the predominant source of error in the ERT. The influence of temperature is often evident in the uppermost 1-2 m of images as temperature inflections drive the conductive recirculation of seawater. When temperature corrections were well constrained, the inversion models were significantly more successful at deriving modeled subsurface fluid conductivities closer to those observed, reducing error by up to 20%. Consequently, precise constraints on temperature are necessary to perform an effective experiment. ERT ultimately produced conservative SGD estimates relative to the tracers. This is likely resultant of a lack of contrast between ambient and groundwater subsurface fluid conductivities. As such, ERT may be used for qualitative and exploratory purposes in the absence of other constrains.

ISBN: 9781392817131Subjects--Topical Terms:

516570
Geology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Near-surface geophysics

An Evaluation of the Feasibility of the Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method in Quantifying Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Fine Sediment and Highly Saline, Shallow Embayments.
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-08.
500 $a Advisor: Murgulet, Dorina.
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520 $a There is uncertainty surrounding the application of the time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method in quantifying submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). The technique has been proven effective in areas with significant differences in salinity between surface water and discharging groundwater. However, there are inherent limitations associated with the method when studying embayments with fine bottom sediments, highly saline porewaters, and shallow surface waters. To evaluate this approach, a 68-hour, time-lapse ERT study was conducted at University Beach (Michael et al.) in Corpus Christi, Texas, constrained by concomitant measurements of naturally occurring isotope tracers and groundwater characterizations along the ERT profile. Surface water continuous 222Rn measurements were conducted to calculate SGD rates. To constrain subsurface fluid conductivity measurements along the profile, inversion models were produced to derive modeled values via Archie's Law (AL) and the Waxman-Smits equation (WSE). The average ERT-derived SGD rate for the study period was 26 ± 0.65 cm∙d−1. Average tracer-derived rates using the deep well endmember were 69 ± 26, 49 ± 1, 80 ± 2, and 21 ± 0.5 cm∙d−1 corresponding to 222Rn, 223Ra, 224Ra, and 226Ra, respectively. Over the course of the study 222Rn SGD estimates increased, while ERT and radium isotope estimates tended to decrease. There were no significant differences between the model accuracy of AL (R2 = 0.489, p = 0.00012) and the WSE (R2 = 0.488, p = 0.00013), thus there is no evidence that negatively charged clay particles in the subsurface matrix had any latent influence on the ERT measurements. Temperature, however, was found to be the predominant source of error in the ERT. The influence of temperature is often evident in the uppermost 1-2 m of images as temperature inflections drive the conductive recirculation of seawater. When temperature corrections were well constrained, the inversion models were significantly more successful at deriving modeled subsurface fluid conductivities closer to those observed, reducing error by up to 20%. Consequently, precise constraints on temperature are necessary to perform an effective experiment. ERT ultimately produced conservative SGD estimates relative to the tracers. This is likely resultant of a lack of contrast between ambient and groundwater subsurface fluid conductivities. As such, ERT may be used for qualitative and exploratory purposes in the absence of other constrains.
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