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Detection of Trends in Precipitation...

Gordji, Leili.

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Detection of Trends in Precipitation, Within-Storm Intensities, and Stream Discharge.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Detection of Trends in Precipitation, Within-Storm Intensities, and Stream Discharge./
作者:	Gordji, Leili.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	119 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-04B.
標題:	Climate change. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28088134
ISBN:	9798678141200

Detection of Trends in Precipitation, Within-Storm Intensities, and Stream Discharge.
Gordji, Leili.

Detection of Trends in Precipitation, Within-Storm Intensities, and Stream Discharge. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 119 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Mississippi, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The global temperature of the earth has increased over the last 150 years, setting off multiple other climate changes, particularly during the last six decades. Extreme temperatures and repeated heavy precipitation lead to marked seasonal alterations in stream flow, which in turn has its own effects. The most challenging part of investigating climate change is the lack of available data with long records and short sampling time intervals. The North Appalachian Experimental Watershed (NAEW) near Coshocton in east-central Ohio is one area for which there exists a wealth of rain-gauge and runoff data for over 70 years. The NAEW has an area of 4.25 km2 and contains small and large experimental watersheds. The precipitation data from 11 gauges and discharge data from 2 gauges at the NAEW and one gauge in the vicinity of the NAEW were utilized to identify local trends and to observe how the results are comparable with reported changes in precipitation and discharge on a larger scale due to climate change. Spearman rank correlation was employed to test for trends in precipitation and discharge data. The results showed there are statistically significant increases in precipitation and in high and average discharge during the fall season and for the months of October and November. Also, the 72 years of precipitation and discharge data analyzed were divided into periods with each period containing 9 years of data. The periods containing the precipitation data were used to investigate the effect of precipitation on a probabilistic representation of storm intensity, known as Huff curve patterns. Dimensionless depths with the frequencies of 50% (d50) and variability (V) defined as the difference of Huff curves between two dimensionless depths with the frequencies of 20% and 80% were used to test for trends at three dimensionless durations (verticals) in four seasons for 10 gauges. The results of the test for individual gauges showed that for a total of 120 cases (10 gauges, 4 seasons, and 3 verticals) only 3.3% for d50 and 19% for V were statistically significant. The findings suggest it is likely that there is little, if any, effect of trending climate over the 72 years on Huff curve patterns. The periods containing the discharge data were used to investigate the effect of changes in runoff on the flow duration curve throughout the range of discharge, regardless of the sequence of occurrence. The visualization of the flow duration curve annually and seasonally generally indicates more spreading in fall and winter and less in spring across the periods. This study confirms the regional findings of increasing precipitation. The impact of climate change can be seen in hydrology on the three watersheds.Based on the findings of this study, the increasing precipitation affecting stream discharges suggests further impacts on flooding, erosion, and water quality of that area. These impacts may require water-resource managers to develop alternate land management plans in these areas and/or to invest in new flood control infrastructure. Finally, the results of analysis of Huff curves showed their potential use in hydrological practice as design storms for runoff estimation. Huff curves have applicability to provide useful stationary precipitation patterns across the US and other areas of the world in areas of nonstationary climate.

ISBN: 9798678141200Subjects--Topical Terms:

2079509
Climate change.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Climate change

Detection of Trends in Precipitation, Within-Storm Intensities, and Stream Discharge.
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520 $a The global temperature of the earth has increased over the last 150 years, setting off multiple other climate changes, particularly during the last six decades. Extreme temperatures and repeated heavy precipitation lead to marked seasonal alterations in stream flow, which in turn has its own effects. The most challenging part of investigating climate change is the lack of available data with long records and short sampling time intervals. The North Appalachian Experimental Watershed (NAEW) near Coshocton in east-central Ohio is one area for which there exists a wealth of rain-gauge and runoff data for over 70 years. The NAEW has an area of 4.25 km2 and contains small and large experimental watersheds. The precipitation data from 11 gauges and discharge data from 2 gauges at the NAEW and one gauge in the vicinity of the NAEW were utilized to identify local trends and to observe how the results are comparable with reported changes in precipitation and discharge on a larger scale due to climate change. Spearman rank correlation was employed to test for trends in precipitation and discharge data. The results showed there are statistically significant increases in precipitation and in high and average discharge during the fall season and for the months of October and November. Also, the 72 years of precipitation and discharge data analyzed were divided into periods with each period containing 9 years of data. The periods containing the precipitation data were used to investigate the effect of precipitation on a probabilistic representation of storm intensity, known as Huff curve patterns. Dimensionless depths with the frequencies of 50% (d50) and variability (V) defined as the difference of Huff curves between two dimensionless depths with the frequencies of 20% and 80% were used to test for trends at three dimensionless durations (verticals) in four seasons for 10 gauges. The results of the test for individual gauges showed that for a total of 120 cases (10 gauges, 4 seasons, and 3 verticals) only 3.3% for d50 and 19% for V were statistically significant. The findings suggest it is likely that there is little, if any, effect of trending climate over the 72 years on Huff curve patterns. The periods containing the discharge data were used to investigate the effect of changes in runoff on the flow duration curve throughout the range of discharge, regardless of the sequence of occurrence. The visualization of the flow duration curve annually and seasonally generally indicates more spreading in fall and winter and less in spring across the periods. This study confirms the regional findings of increasing precipitation. The impact of climate change can be seen in hydrology on the three watersheds.Based on the findings of this study, the increasing precipitation affecting stream discharges suggests further impacts on flooding, erosion, and water quality of that area. These impacts may require water-resource managers to develop alternate land management plans in these areas and/or to invest in new flood control infrastructure. Finally, the results of analysis of Huff curves showed their potential use in hydrological practice as design storms for runoff estimation. Huff curves have applicability to provide useful stationary precipitation patterns across the US and other areas of the world in areas of nonstationary climate.
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